26 FIELD OPERATIONS OF THE BUREAU OF SOILS, 1916. 



almost doubled. Yields of about U tons per acre of timothy or 

 mixed timotby and clover hay are obtained. 



Tliis type is handled largely under the system of farming prevailing 

 in the corn beh. Corn, the principal crop, is sold or fed to hogs, 

 cattle, and horses. The shredded corn stalks are used for winter 

 roughage, and a part of the crop usually is put in the silo. With the 

 exception of barnyard manure very little feitdizer is used. 



The greater part of this type is valued at $125 to $200 an acre. 



Carrington silt loam, light phase. — The Carrington silt loam, light 

 phase, is not sufficiently extensive to warrant mapping as a separate 

 soil type. The soil to a depth of about 10 inches is a dark-brown 

 loam. This is underlain by a brown loam which grades into yellowish- 

 brown or buff silty clay loam to silty clay at depths of 12 to 18 inches. 

 The areas mapped occur near Hebron and southeast of Valpa- 

 raiso along the edge of the moraine and outwash plain. The phase 

 usually occupies slopes or smoothly rounded knolls; the topography 

 is suitable for farming. 



Both the surface and underdrainage are naturally well established. 



Corn, oats, and hay are the principal crops. Some fields are used 

 for pasture. Crop yields approximately equal thos^ obtained on the 

 typical Carrington silt loam. 



The Carrington silt loam, light phase, is considered shghtly easier 

 to cultivate than the typical soil, but the methods of handling and 

 farm values are about the same as on the main type. 



CLYDE SILTY CLAY LOAM. 



The soil of the Clyde silty clay loam is black, and ranges from a 

 silt loam to a silty clay loam in texture. The subsoil is a light-gray 

 or drab, heavy, plastic silty clay, mottled with yellow and brown below 

 about 24 inches. In places the gray color predominates in the lower 

 subsoil, and the yellow color in the upper part. The substratum con- 

 sists of moderately calcareous till. Some stones are found on this type. 

 The soil is derived' from till occurring in depressed, wet areas. The 

 surface may consist partially of wash from the adjoining land, and it 

 is difficult in some areas to decide whether the soil should be classed 

 with the Clyde series or with the Maumee series, the soils of which are 

 derived from lake sediments. 



The Clyde silty clay loam generally occurs in relatively small areas 

 surrounded by Carrington, Miami, and Crosby soils. Originally 

 it supported a growth of marsh grasses, though areas associated with 

 forested soils sometimes were covered with water maple, elm, ash, 

 willow, and other trees. Areas of this type are scattered throughout 

 the morainic belt in the central part of Porter County. 



The surface is flat and low, tliougli not always distinctly depressed 

 below the adjoining types. The natural draijiage is naturally very 



