LEADING-REIN CRUPPER 129 



feet high in front, may be employed, with great advantage, 

 in India, where suitable brooks are generally difficult to 

 find. It has the immense merit of causing to the rider 

 who goes at it the smallest possible amount of trepidation, 

 as he will know full well that it cannot bring him to 

 grief. Artificial water, arranged as I have described, is 

 usually taken by horses in all good faith as the real 

 article. 



In India, a capital plan for teaching horses to become 

 clever over walls without running any undue risk, is to 

 practise them over ones made up to the proper height 

 with single rows of sun-dried bricks, which will come 

 down if the animal " chances " them, but will hurt his 

 shins sufficiently to render him more careful in the future. 

 For making a horse clever over posts and rails, one should 

 employ a very thick log or trunk of a tree, so that the 

 animal will understand that it is no use attempting to 

 knock it down. In my opinion, the bar ought not to be 

 made to fall down if the horse strikes it. If the breaker 

 or his helper be not prepared to mount and take the 

 necessary risk, they may put the animal over by means of 

 the driving reins and leading-rein crupper, in the manner 

 before described. The bar may be bushed over with 

 thorns. A bar, which should be gradually raised, may 

 be placed across the stable-yard gateway, or other con- 

 venient passage, so that the horses may get accustomed 

 to jump it when going to and returning from exercise. 

 Similar expedients with other kinds of fences may be 

 adopted, as the trainer sees fit. I need only add, that 

 " made " fences should be as long from side to side as 

 possible, and have wings if necessary. 



K 



