240 Kt\tivc7icss : its Prevention arid Cure, 



the leg, or, if necessary, spur, at the same side^ the 

 I'ider's hand and leg acting in perfect unison ; and this 

 will never fail to turn the horse gradually, just as is re- 

 quired. The circle affords, however, not merely an 

 opportunity for avoiding dangerous obstacles ; its great 

 value is, that it also enables the rider, by gradually ob- 

 taining command over his horse, to demonstrate to the 

 latter the utter futility of its attempt to get rid of him 

 by running awa}'-, and that, too, without violence or 

 severity. One single attempt at bolting away, if taken 

 advantage of in this manner by a judicious rider, may 

 prove the means of effectually subduing a troublesome 

 animal. On the other hand, such a rider will abstain 

 carefully from driving his horse to run away. 



It is more difficult to manage a horse that runs away 

 on the roads or in the streets of a town, because the 

 rider is more or less compelled to follow straight lines. 

 He can, however, unless the road be very narrow in- 

 deed, by using the rein and leg at each side alternately^ 

 compel the runaway to move on a serpentine, which is 

 nothing more nor less than a series of curves alternating 

 to the right and left, which will also enable him to clear 

 dangerous corners; one of these, indeed, if well taken, 

 ma}^ possibly afford him an opportunity of gaining the 

 mastery ; in fact, it will be found that most runaways 

 are stopped after turning a corner. 



The special management of the horse's head will, of 

 course, in all cases, depend on whether it is carried too 

 high or too low : if the former, the object will be to get 

 it down ; if the latter, to get it up. The presumption 

 being that the horse that runs away with its head up has 

 no special defect in the hind quarters or legs, the rider 

 may attack these more energetically, which requires his 

 own leg to be in the right place, and the horse's head to 

 be brought round somewhat to the same side. Now, 

 although a dead pull downward with both reins together 



