258 ILLUSTRATED STOCK DOCTOR. 



S — Quarter Sand Crack. Imperfect secretion caused by dryness oi 

 the hoof ; rupture of the laminae. 



T — Contracted Hoof, or ringed hoof of a foundered horse. The 

 result of Laminatis. 



U— Capped Hock. Injuring the point of the hock. 



y — Sallenders. Scurfy eruptions on the seat of flexion of the hock. 

 Similar to mallenders. 



"[y — Spavin. Inflammation causing painful bony enlargement, some« 

 times stiff joint. Caused by blows, slipping and hard work, often from 

 weak limbs. 



X — Curb. Inflammation and lameness of the posterior part of the 

 hock, ending in bony formation. Caused by wrenching or straining the 

 limb. 



Y-^Swelled Sinews, caused by strains or bruises, producing inflamma- 

 tion, and ending in enlargement. 



Z — Thick Leg, caused by various injuries to the joint. Any inflamma- 

 tion may result in a thickening of the integuments. In all inflammatory 

 difficulties of this nature, including, spavin, curb, etc., cold water 

 faithfully applied at the outset will be indicated, but often the trouble is 

 not known until too late for cold water. The warm water fomentations 

 will then be indicated. [See treatment]. 



1 — Grease, caused by debility, excessive labor and neglect, filthy sur- 

 roundings, from stoppage of the secretions. Scratches are from the 

 same cause, as working in the mud without proper cleaning, etc. 



2- — Toe Sand Crack, caused by the same difficulty as quarter sand 

 crack. 



3 — Quarter Crack. [See sand crack]. 



These are occasioned generally by severe labor of animals not strong 

 in the feet, by which the walls are ruptured, by breaking the hoof with 

 the calk of another foot. False quarter is occasioned by the absence of 

 the outside and harder portion of the hoof. 



4 — Ventral Hernia . Rupture by which the bowel lies next the skin. 

 When hernia is accompanied with strangulation it becomes dangerous. 



5 — Rat Tail, loss of the hair of the tail. 



Fuller facts as to causes and treatment of these disorders will be found 

 in the appropriate place in this work. 



