CHAPTER XV. 



WOUNDS AND INJTJIIIES AND THEIB BESULT8. 



1. STRAINS AND SPRAINS. H. OVER-RKACH. III. BRUSHING, OR SPKKDT OCT.- 



BROKIN KNBBS. V. CAPPKD BLBOW. VI. FROST BITE. VII, BURNS AND SCAXDS. 



VIII. RUPTURE. IX. CHOKIKG. X. WOUNDS FENBTRATING TH« ABDOMINAL 



CAVITY. XI. CONTUSED WOUNDS. XII. LACERATED WOUND6. XIU. PUNCTURE© 



WOUNDS. XIV. BROKEN HOCK. XV. DISLOCATIONS. XVI. VARIOUS FRACTURES. 



Xrn. VARIOUS distortions. XVIII. diseases OF THE EAR. 



I. Strains and Sprains. 



In the human subject, a strain is simply a wrench, by which a fiber, a 

 ligament or tendon is stretched beyond its proper capacity, and followed 

 by pain, lameness, and inflammation of the parts. 



A sprain is an incomplete luxation (dislocation) in connection with 

 stretching, with more or less laceration of the ligaments of a joint, and 

 even rupture of the tendon. In veterinary practice the word strain is 

 used. It is far more difficult to handle than in man, and for the reason 

 that it is often difficult to prevent an animal from using the parts. 



Replacement of the parts as near as may be, and rest, are the surest 

 means of cure. Therefore in every case the intelligent horseman wjll 

 use the best means to ensure this ; consequently it will be simply neces- 

 sary to lay down certain rules of guidance to be followed. 



Strain of a joint. — —In a joint that is easily flexed, (moved back and 

 forth) the parts should be held firmly by means of a starch bandage, if 

 there has been sufficient stretching to produce loss of continuity. 



How to make a starch bandage. — Provide a long strip of strong un- 

 bleached muslin, and of a width proportioned to the part injured. Soak 

 this in strong starch, and bind on while wet, making a half turn of th« 

 cloth in passing about the limb, so it will form a figure eight. Allow 



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