504 ILLUSTRATED STOCK DOCTOR. 



Rubefacients. — Alcohol, ammonia, mustard, turpentine. 

 Vesicants. — Cantharides, scalding water, and a hot iron at 212 degrees, 

 Fahrenheit. 



Suppurants. — Croton oil, ointment of tartar emetic. 



vm. Caustics. 



Agents which burn and destroy the flesh. Used to kill the virus in 

 poisoned wounds, eat out proud flesh, destroy sloughs, and stimulate old 

 ulcers ; to produce healthy action in fistulas, and remove warts and other 

 excrescences. Among the best agents are butter of antimony, caustic 

 potash, chloride of zinc, lunar caustic (nitrate of silver), nitrate of 

 mercury, nitric acid, and the hot iron at a white heat. Chloride of zinc 

 and nitrite of silver come in pencil shaped sticks. Nitric acid must be 

 used with care. It is powerful and intensely eating, causing extreme pain, 

 l)ut which soon ceases. It may be used by dipping a suitable slip of 

 wood in the acid and appl}dng. The hot iron is the most powerful caustic, 

 as it is the most efficient. It however requires nerve and judgment to 

 use it properly and efficiently. 



IX; Diaphoretics. 



These are medicines to cause sweatins: o> to increase the insensible 

 perspiration, and thus relieve pressure on other organs. Acetate of am- 

 monia in solution, Dovers powder, ipecac and cantharides are mainly 

 employed ; the animal being covered quite warm. Warm water is also 

 useful, but steaming the most prompt of all. 



Acetate of ammonia. — Solution. Dose, 2 to 3 ounces. 



Dover's powders. — Dose, 3 drachms. 



Ipecac. — Given in 2 to 3 drachm doses in warm water, until the effect 

 k produced. Not especially useful for horses. 



Cantharides. — Dose, 4 to 5 grains. 



X. Diuretics. 



These are medicines used to act on the kidneys. Saltpeter, sweet 

 spirits of niter, cream of tartar, turpentine and digitalis are princi- 

 pally used. 



Saltpeter — Dose, 6 to 8 drachms. 



Sweet spirits of niter. — Dose, 1 to 2 ounces. 



Cream of tartar. — Dose, 1 ounce. 



Turpentine (Oil). — Dose, 1 to 2 ounces. 



DigitaU.%. — Dose, 1.5 to 20 grains. 



Both diuretics and diaphoretics are similar in their action. If sweating 

 l« intended, it must be assisted with warmth and friction. If operation 



