Mr. T. Attlieyon Anthracosaunis Russclli. 1G5 



running inwards ami backwards to the fissure which divides 

 into' two parts the condvh' for artieidation with the iiian<lible.. 



About Imlf (I ilozen itn)luted teeth i)i\l)if/ir<i('os(iiiru.s liave been 

 found, whi('h sliows how very rare this amphibian is when 

 coni[)ared with Loxomma, whose teeth are not iinfretjuentiy 

 met with. 



Vertebnr : six sejtaratc ones, and on one small piece of shale 

 there is imbedded a quite entire vertebra ; there are also four 

 fra;X"i'''>ts of vertebral ])rocesses, some of which arc articular. 



h'i/in : tour, in a goo<l state of preservation, showing both 

 head and tubercle, and the remains of two others, one of which 

 shows head and tubercle. 



Scutes: in a small piece of shale are imbedded ten, well 

 preserved, but not lying in natural oi'der ; and on separate 

 pieces of shale six or eight more. 



The scutes oi' xint/iracosauruN^ Plate VIII. figs. 2 & 3, are 

 much like those which, since the publication of the description 

 of Loxommoj have occasionally been found in connexion with 

 the renuxins of the latter ; but they have not as yet been identi- 

 fied as belonging to Loxomma. 



Besides the above osseous remains of Anthracosaurus, and 

 h'ing seattered among the vertebrae, there is a good deal of 

 co]">rolitic matter, perhaps from the intestines ; and mixed up 

 with it are a palate-tooth, a rib, and several fragments of scales, 

 belonging to Ctenndus. 



Can it safely be inferred from these accompaniments that 

 Clenodus ioxviiQ,i\. at least a part of the food oi Anthracosaunis 7 



Note. — Of the three large Labyrinthodonts as yet found in 

 the Northumberland coal-field, Anthracosaunis is by far the 

 largest. The general arrangement of the separate bones which 

 form the upper surface of the cranium is much the same in 

 both Anthracosaunis and Loxomma ; but it differs considerably 

 from that of PtempJa.r^ whose entire cranium, so far as we 

 know from specimens up to the present time obtained, is com- 

 posed of the bones corresponding to those which form the 

 centre or middle posterior part of the crania of the two former, 

 viz. the frontals, parietals, occipitals, postfrontals, squamous, 

 and ejjiotics. The posterior lateral expansions, composed of 



Sostorbital, supratemjwral, quadrate, and quadrate-jugal bones, 

 o not exist in this very interesting amphibian; the pre- 

 maxillary, maxillary, nasal, and prefrontal bones also, which 

 form tiie anterior extremity of the cranium, have been broken 

 off, strange to say, from all the three specimens as yet known. 

 Ptcrnplax therefore difiers considerably in size, in outline, and 

 in many details from ho\\\ Anthracosaurus and Loxomma. 

 Ann. (0 Mag. S. Hist. Scr. -1. V«L wiii. 12 



