334 Dr. N. Severtzoff on the Mammals of Turkestan. 



72. Copra aigagrus domestica {Hircus) . 



Is to be found all over Turkestan in the low hills, ascend- 

 ing in summer, when the weather is mild, to the higher 

 regions. 



73. Cap-a (sp. ?). 



In the south-western portion of Turkestan, in the neigh- 

 bourhood of Hodgent, also between the Zarevshan and the 

 Syr-Darja, I met with this goat, but only on the highest 

 mountains ; and I never observed it below about 6000 feet. 



Caj)ra sihirica ; Copra shyn. 



I will postpone the comparison of these two species, which 

 are as yet not sufficiently known, until I obtain more material. 

 At the present time I possess only one skin and a skull of a 

 young female specimen, perhaps of Capra skyn. Skulls with 

 very large horns, which were stated to belong to the present 

 species by Wagner (Schreber's Saugethiere fortgesetzt von A. 

 Wagner), were brought from Kok-kia near the Aksay. His 

 description is very incomplete, on account of his being in want 

 of specimens ; he even does not settle the question whether 

 Capra skyn is a separate species or only a variety of Capra 

 sibirica. I cannot do this either, because I have not got a 

 young specimen of Capra sibirica, nor could I find one either 

 in Moscow or St. Petersburg. I can only state that the colour 

 of my specimen (a young female Capra skyn) agrees com- 

 pletely with Wagner's description. 



As the sheep are separable into Ovis and Musimon, the 

 goats also may be divided into three groups, namely Ibex, 

 Capra, and Hircus. 



The Ibex has no beard ; the horns have three sides or sur- 

 faces (the nuchal, frontal, and orbital), and also three ridges; 

 the frontal surface of the horn has a rough surface, as, for 

 instance, that of Ibex alpinus [Capra ibex auct.) of Switzer- 

 land. 



Capra has similar horns ; but both sexes have a beard 

 [C. sibirica, C. skyn, &c.). Hircus has also a beard, but has 

 horns with only two, convex surfaces, the orbital and the 

 interior surface, and only two edges, the frontal and the nuchal ; 

 the frontal edge is sharp, and the nuchal edge blunt and rather 

 rounded, such as those of H. cegagrus and H. Falconeri^ 

 which are both relatives of the tame goat. 



TheCapridae have a very limited distribution, which is also 

 the case with Ovis, Musimon, Ammotragus, ^goceros, Ibex^ 

 Capra, and Hircus — the only exception being Capra sibirica 



