460 Mr. H. J. Carter on Deep-sea 



their memoirs respectively, which no one engaged in the 

 study of sponges, either recent or fossil, should be without. 



LiTHiSTiXA, Carter. 



There were four species of Lithistiua dredged up on board 

 the * Porcupine ' during the cruise of 1870, probably all 

 from the neighbourhood of Cape St. Vincent, viz. Corallistes 

 BowerbanA-ii, Discodermia polydi'scus, Macandreioia azorica, 

 and Azorica Pfeiferce — the two former in dead fragments, and 

 the two latter in a living state. I am unable to say with cer- 

 tainty that Discodermia ])oly discus came from the same locality 

 as the rest, because the specimens, which are dry, are without 

 number ; lout presumptive evidence is in favour of it. 



Corallistes Bowerhanlciij Carter, \%lQ, = Dactylocalyx Bower- 

 banJcii, Johnson, 1863,= Corallistes typus^ Schmidt, 1870. 



The type specimen of this sponge is in the British Museum, 

 and in general form might be likened to a large, shallow, patu- 

 lous cup with undulating sides and round edges, supported on a 

 thick short stem. It is 12 inches in diameter, and | an inch thick 

 in the wall ; and its structure internally, which consists of the 

 tiligreed form of spicule common to the Lithistina, is faced by 

 a dermal layer of three-armed shafts, the arms of which are 

 furcated, intercross with each other and in all parts, are round, 

 smooth, and pointed, not filigreed ; these, again, are imbedded 

 in the dermal sarcode, which is charged with a single form of 

 flesh-spicule, consisting of a short, thick, subspiral shaft, 

 tuberculo-spined throughout, and not two forms, as erroneously 

 stated in my paper on the Hexactinellida^ and Lithistida 

 ('Annals,' 1873, vol. xii. pp. 437 & 441), which mistake was 

 occasioned by my having described from a slide into which 

 the acerate flesh-spicules of Macandreicia azorica had got by 

 accident. Colour cream-yellow in the dried state. 



I have changed the wdLmo, oi''''Dactylocalyx BowerhankiV 

 to that of Corallistes Bowerhanhii for two reasons, viz. : — first, 

 because Daciylocalyx was given by Stutchbury to a Hexacti- 

 nellid sponge, viz. D. pumiceus, so far back as 1841 (half of 

 which is in the British Museum), and therefore is typically 

 connected with this order of sponges ; and secondly, because 

 Schmidt has given the name of ^^Corallistes " to many of his 

 Lithistid sponges, which belong to a totally different order — 

 thus avoiding the confusion which must arise by mixing up 

 in name the Hexactinellid with the Lithistid sponges. So far, 

 too, all the Lithistina are sessile or thick, short, stipitate sponges, 



