Muscarclinidse/row the Iberian Peninsula. 191 



E. Spain. Based on three specimens with the upper parts, 

 especially tlie black markings of head and tail, strongly 

 suffused with red, and the skull somewhat different from that 

 of E. quercinus, as figured by Reavens *. In E. hortualis the 

 hind part of the frontals is nearly square, whereas in Reuvens's 

 figure it is triaTigular. The redness of the black markings 

 proving to result from long immersion in alcohol, the red 

 suffusion on the back and the skull-features only remain as 

 valuable characters. 



Now, in the series before me, there are two specimens 

 from Valencia and several others from the Spanish provinces 

 of Castell6n, Iluesca, and Burgos, and there are also two 

 from Ari^ge in Soutli France. All of them evidently belong- 

 to a single species, and the same as that of Belgium, Germany, 

 and Switzerland ; and from comparison with them it is 

 clearly seen to be impossible to separate my E. hortualis from 

 E. quercinus even as a local race. The reddish tinge of the 

 back, conspicuous in one of the Valencian specimens in the 

 series, is seen also in a male from the llucsca Pyrenees 

 (exact locality : Panticosa, 1558 m. altitude), and in a very 

 adult female from I'Hospitalet, Ariege, the slight redness of 

 the hair probably being a mark of old age. As to the skull- 

 peculiarities, all the series, and, as a matter of fact, all the 

 specimens of E. quercinus, exliibit the nearly square frontals. 

 If correctly de))icted, the skull figured by Heuvens, which 

 led me to describe the Valencian dormouse as a new species, 

 must be either from a very young or from an abnormal 

 specimen. 



E. hamiltoni, Cabrera. — Type locality : El Pardo, near 

 Madrid. Under the supposition that tlie skull of E. quer- 

 cinus was different from tliat of E. hortualis and niumbyanusy 

 this form was separated on account of two characters exhi- 

 bited by a number of specimens from El Pardo : the white 

 parts, especially on the head, stained with sulphur-yellow, 

 and the skull similar to that of hortualis in size and shape, 

 but with straight, not convex, zygomatic arches. Now, in 

 Mr. Miller's scries I find straight, and even concave, as well 

 as convex zygomata ; and as to the hue of the white parts, a 

 yellowish suffusion exists in some specimens from Ariege, 

 Huesca, and Burgos, while it is not seen on a specimen from 

 Madrid Moncloa Park in my private collection. E. haj7ii(- 

 <oni is therefore indistinguishable from quercinus, the yellow- 

 ness of the white hairs probably being an effect of prevailing- 



* Kouveus, I. c. 1890, pi. i. &g. 2. 



