Ullle-hnown Names of Claropteran Genera. 4.'>o 



for all practical purposes it is. A conspicuous " heel " (clngu- 

 lum posteriorly at base) in the lower canines is found in most 

 Vespertilionid bats. The "simple'' rnuzzle excludes any 

 sptcms oi lihinolophus, of which, however, none are known 

 from Madeira, and which would be excluded also for other 

 reasons (inci.^ors, want of tragus). — There remain three 

 characters to be tested on the Microchiroptera known to occur 

 in Madeira, viz. the size of the ears, the projecting tip of the 

 tail, the mtasurements. 



(3) Four bats have been recorded from Madeira : Pipi- 

 strellus jnpistrellus, F. viaderensis, Plerycjistes viadeirre, and 

 Nyclinomus tcem'otis ; to these may perhaps be added, though 

 to my knowledge not recorded from the island, Miniopterus 

 schreibersi and Vesperlilio serotinus. — Tlie two species of Fipi- 

 strellus are out of tlie question, owing to their size being 

 much smaller than that of Bowdich's iV. verrucosus. JSycti- 

 noinus tceniotis is excluded on account of the long free portion 

 of the tail and large size. Miniopterus schrtibersi^ because 

 the tail is wholly nicluded in the intertemoral. Vespertilio 

 serotinus, because the length of the ears is much greater than 

 the depth of the head, thii general size of the animal too 

 large, and the freely projecting tip of the tail much more than 

 one line. Fteryyistes madeirfe, Barr.-Ham. (Ann. & Mag. 

 N. H. (7) xvii. pp. 98-99; 1906), is the only Madeiran bat 

 tor which the combination of the three characters holds good ; 

 the ears (whether viewed in profile or measured from the 

 crown) are equal in length to the depth of the head ; the 

 extreme tip of the tail (1-2 nun.) projects beyond the inter- 

 femoral ; the measurements of the type and paratypes (for 

 many years preserved in alcohol ; torearms mostly broken) 

 cannot be taken exactly ; in one specimen (paratypc) the 

 expanse is fully 11 in. ; the total length, including tail, about 

 4 in. ; and it should be remenibered that Bowdich probably 

 measured a freshly killed specimen, which can be stretched 

 more treely ; Ft. madeirm is, judging from the length of 

 the forearm, metacarpals, and phalanges, precisely of the same 

 size as the Ft. leisleri, and of this latter Kolenati * gives as 

 averiige measurements of the total length, including tail, 

 107*2 mm. (■1-2 iu.), of the expanse 2'J1'5 mm. (11-6 in.), 

 thus practically the same measurements as Bowdich's of 

 N. verrucosus. 



(4) According to the above, Fteryyistes madeira, Barr.- 

 Ham., is a synonym of Ayctalus verrucosus, Bowdich, and 

 the generic name Nyctalus (182.^) replaces Fteryyistes (Kau|), 

 lb29). 



* " Monoi,'Vftpliie der europiiischen Chiropteni/' in Jiihrobh. mahv.- 

 schles. Ges. f. 18GV), table ad p. 40 (1«00). 



