150 Bibliographical Notices. 



answering his purpose. This cave is in the Freudenthal, a little 

 N.-S. valley, opening on the Ilhine near Sehaffhanscn, in the 

 upper white Jurassic limestone, there dipping 5° S.E. It is scarcely 

 70 feet above tlie valley, under a projecting rock on the eastern 

 slope, which is called the lloscnhalde, about 120 feet high, and 

 fonuing the western edge of the Keyath plateau. The entrance of 

 the cave was nearly blocked up with the debris covering the hill- 

 side ; but it proved to be about 4 feet high and wide, and 10 feet 

 long, leading into a large interior, quite dark, about 50 feet long, 

 feet broad in the middle, and 12 feet high, with the floor sinking 

 towards each side, and rising gently from the middle both inwards 

 and outwards, the former slope being due to the rise of the bottom 

 of the cave, whUst the slope near the entrance w;is due to the in- 

 coming of debris from without. Some bones of a Fox and of a 

 Sheep, with a charred stick, lay about the surface. 



By successive diggings, with the aid of Dr. E. Joos, Herr Niiesch 

 (of the High School), Prof. Merklein, and a labourer or two, Herr 

 Karsten found the following succession of deposits : — 1. Uppermost, 

 2 feet of loose limestone fragments, with some bones of recent 

 animals scattered throughout, also some few shards of turned 

 pottery, the lowest at 1| foot depth. On the surface were flakes of 

 limestone, containing flint nodules, loosened by frost from the roof. 



2. One foot of similar limestone debris, but mixed with marl, 

 more especially downwards, yellow and grey. It contained some 

 bones of Stag, Koe, Fox, Badger, Boar, Goat, and other recent 

 animals, together with fragments of human bones and pieces of 

 very coarse pottery, more abundant than that in the upper bed, and 

 thus distributed to the depth of from 2 to 3 feet. Only one perfect 

 vessel could be ' restored from the many scattered shards. This 

 pottery is hand-made, ornamented with nail-marks and such like. 

 It corresponds with that of the pile-villages, and, according to 

 Dr. Keller, is similar to that of the GaUo-Celtic period, Xo stalag- 

 mite was met with in the cave ; but between the beds No. 1 and 

 No. 2 there is a local bed of loose white calc-tuff, partly pisoUtic, 

 without any stones, 1 foot thick and about 2 square metres in 

 extent. 



3. Below the one-foot pottery band is another bed of limestone 

 debris, from 1 to 1| foot in the back part, and 2 feet thick in the 

 front part of the cave, mixed with much more clay than in No. 2, 

 and, indeed, in the lowest layers half clay. This bed was fuU of 

 broken bones of man and beasts, the latter either now extinct or 

 gone from the region (Reindeer, Ibex, Horse, &c.), together with 

 Reindeer-antlers, works of art made of antler and of wood, broken 

 flints and flint knives, so called. Entire flints also occurred in 

 great numbers, and partly of a colour different from that in the upper 

 beds, where a flint nearly 4 cubic feet in size was met with. With 

 the bones &c. occurred also a number of pebbles of quartzose and 

 crystalline rocks, some of which apparently had been used for 

 rubbers, having flat rubbed faces ; also smoothing- and polishing- 

 stoncs of quartzose, argillaceous, and calcareous schists ; lastly, a 



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