ol4 I'l. Ik. \'. \\ illcniucs-kSulnii y/< M'/«c 



Tlic lolldwing ii* ii list c>t" all the (.le|)tlis iVoiu which Vinhd- 

 lulan'a lias boon brought up : — 



1. Oft' the coasts of Greenland : 236 fathoms {Adrians) ^ 

 410 and 122 fathoms {JAndahl). 



2. In the Atlantic : 1600, ISOO, and 21 ')0 fathoms. 



:\. In the Antarctic sea : 137:), 16Ui), 1U75, 1950, and 2600 

 fathoms. 



In the Tacitie in 244(1 fathoms. 



The greatest depth at which this Expedition procured Um- 

 heUularia is accoruingly 2600 fathoms, the least 1375 fathoms. 

 It is usually associated with such decidedly deej)-sea animals 

 as (^p/n'i>f/h//)ho, Jirisiiit/aj Pourtalcsia, Ananchytids, Munop- 

 sids, Pifa/ophthahnuSj Gnathophausiaj Macrurus^ &c. 



After these remarks on its geogi'aphical distribution as far 

 as it is known to us at the present moment, I shall ])roceed to 

 give a few details on its young stages, Avhich were found at 

 station no. 3 in the Antarctic sea, antl which show, better than 

 the full-grown s]iecimens of Lindahl and KiiUiker, the very 

 marked bilateral symmetry of the polypary and the order in 

 which the polypes succeed each other. 



Lindahl Inis given, on page 8 of his paper, an ideal sketch 

 of what he thiiiks to have been the successive appearance of 

 the j)olypeson the polypaiy. According to him, the oldest or 

 terminal polyp (xin his and in my figures) remains during the 

 first five stages at the top, al)Ove the others. Then only the 

 lateral polypes (i. and ii.) come forth, and two of them advance 

 to the top, while the terminal one is removed towards the 

 centre. 



In the Greenland species of Umbellularia this may be 

 perfectly correct, but in the Antarctic speeies, of which we 

 actually got the young stages, the mode of gi-owth is a little 

 different. Thiswill be confirmed by a glance at my figiires. The 

 smallest specimen (PI. XVI II. A. fig. 1), having only a length 

 of 41 millims., shows clearly that here also a terminal polype (t), 

 which is 2 millims. longer than the lateral ones, has first made 

 its a])pearance. The lateral ones have come out a little later, 

 but both at the same time, not the right one earlier than the 

 left, as is supposed in Lindahl's diagrammatic figures. The 

 same stage is represented by a larger sj)ccimcn (fig. 3), length 

 100 millims., in which the terminal polype is still the largest, 

 but in which the lateral ones are ah-eady nearly of the same 

 size. The reason why in this lari^e sj)ecimen there ai-e only 

 three polyj)es, while a much smaller one now to be descril)ed 

 has already foiu", is probably want of food. 



The first change which takc-s place is the coming out of 



