348 Ofi u new Gull-produciny AiujuilhiUile. 



Bauer, Davaine*, aiul Bastiau have made interesting ob- 

 servations as to the mode in which the Anij^uilluUu ot' tlie 

 wlieat get into the flowers of Triticum inilgarv^ ViU. Bauer 

 sowed grains ot" Avheat into the furrows of which he had 

 introduced young individuals of AnfjaiUida tritici, and found, 

 by examining the plants from time to time, that the Anguil- 

 lula; ascended to the ears in the interior of the straw. Davaine, 

 on the contraiy, asserts that the Anguillulie creep from without 

 into the innermost sheath of leaves which surrounds the 

 throwing car, and then i)enctrate into the extremely delicate 

 parenchyma of the flowers at a time when all the parts of the 

 flower exist as rudiments in the form of scales. Bastian, who 

 successfully repeated Bauer's inoculation experiments, confirms 

 Davaine's observations, which also agree with the opinions 

 expressed by Dr. Kuhn as to the mode of life of An<jnilhda 

 dipsaci. 



The Anguillula discovered by me producing galls upon the 

 milfoil belongs to the genus T>/lencIais, established l)y Bastian, 

 and characterized by him as follows f: — " Body naked, tapering 

 at the two extremities ; extremity of tail without a sucking- 

 papilla ; integument with extremely fine transverse striaj ; in 

 the pharynx a protrusiblc spear with a trilobcd base ; ceso- 

 phagus globularly dilated in the middle ; intestine indistinct, 

 covered with coarse, colom-less fat-granules ; vulva consider- 

 ably behind the middle of the body ; uterus unsymmetrical ; 

 the two spicida of the penis united to the posterior accessory 

 piece ; caudal ala3 in the males not supported by rays ; move- 

 ments sluggish." To this genus Bastian refers, besides three 

 species {T. Davainii^ terri'i-ola, and ohtusus) established by 

 him, T. tritici, llofi'redi, of tlie wheat, T. dipsaci, Kuhn, of the 

 teasel, and the grass-Anguillula? [T.agrostidis and phalaridis, 

 Steinb.), which Steinbuch| found in pouch-like galls in the 

 flowers of Agrostis sylvatica, Iluds., and P/udaris jddeoides, 

 Linn.§ It is probable that the ])roducers of the galls found 

 by Frauenfeldil upon the leaves of Gnaphalium Leontopodium, 



» Davaine, * Recherchea sur 1" Anguillula du h\6 nielli,' Paris, 1857, 

 pi. iii. fig. 12. 



t [Dr. Low seeius to have modified Mr. Eastian's geneiic charac-ter, as 

 this, although marked a.« a quotation, differs in some points from the 

 description in Linn. Trans, vol. xxv. p. 12.5. — Ed.] 



X ' Der Xaturforscher,' 28. Stiick ( 1799), pp. 2^3 & 255. Diesing, in 

 his 'Systema Ilelminthum,' ii. p. l-"^2, has described as a single species, 

 under the name of Anf/iiiUttla tjramineaitim, the three species A. tritici, 

 af/rostidi-s, and phalnmUs. 



' § Affrodin si/lvaficn, Iluds.. is synonymous with Af/rosfis poh/morpha, 

 Huds.; and I'halaris phleoidcs, Linn., with Phteiim linhmeri, Wibel. 



II ' Verhandl. zool.-bot. Gesellsch. in Wieu," lid. xxii. p. 397. 



