Miscellaneous. 67 



Dredging in the Gvlf of Suez. 

 To the Editors of the Annals and Magazine of Natural History. 



Gentlemex, — My friend Dr. Gray having pointed out to me that 

 my observations in my paper on " Dredging in the Gulf of Suez " 

 seem to imply that nothing had been done with the Echinoderms &c. 

 ■which I presented to the British Museum, I beg to say that, so far 

 from this being the case. Dr. Gray lost no time in naming the spe- 

 cimens, though the list with his notes upon them was unfortunately 

 mislaid, with other papers, in consequence of his illness, — also that 

 the spare duj^licates were promptly forwarded to the public museums 

 of Edinburgh and Liverpool, in conformity with my request. 



I beg that you will insert this explanation in your forthcoming 

 Number, as nothing could be further from my intention than to 

 impute neglect to Dr. Gray, from whom I have invariably expe- 

 rienced the greatest kindness and willingness to render me assist- 

 ance. 



I am, Gentlemen, 

 Isleworth House, W. Your obedient Servant, 



Dec. 8, 1870. Robebx M' Andrew. 



On the Structure of the Crania of Reptilia and Batrachia. 

 By Prof. Cope. 



Prof. Cope communicated some results of his studies of the struc- 

 ture of the crania of the orders of Eeptilia and Batrachia, recent 

 and extinct. He explained the characters of the Ichthyopterygia 

 as follows : — 



The qiiadrato-jugal (squamosal of Owen, ' Anatomy of the Yer- 

 tebrata ') present ; iwstorhttal (of Owen) present. The squamosal 

 (supratemporal of Owen) extending over the inner side of the pa- 

 rieto-squamosal arch so as to conceal the parietal portion of it, to 

 the anterior part of the temporal fossa, and in contact with its fellow 

 of the other side. It sends down a columella to the pterygoid. It 

 extends also for a remarkable distance downwards behind the os 

 quadratum. ? Ojnsthotic present. A distinct element exists behind 

 the quadratum, which he thought might be the suprastapedial, 

 otherwise called the incus, or hyomandibidar, according to Huxley. 

 The pterygoid prolonged backwards and expanded, in contact with 

 the basioccipital, and extending from it to the quadratum. The 

 posterior pair of elements of the superior face of the cranium being 

 determined to be squamosals, the interpretation of the anterior ele- 

 ments becomes simple. The rhombic element with fontanelle is 

 parietal (frontal of Owen ' Anatomy of Yertebrata ') ; and the prece- 

 ding pair are the frontals (nasals, Owen). The true nasals were 

 shown to lie at the proximal end of the nares. 



The structure of the suspensorial region in the Anomodont, Lys- 

 trosaurus, was next pointed out. In this order there is no quadrato- 

 jugal arch, and the zygomatic arch contains a very small postorbital. 



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