Bear from the Cromer Forest-bed. 205 



sixteen mandibular rami of varying degrees of completeness, 

 two maxilltu witii molars, numerous odd teeth, and a number 

 of more or less perft-et limb-bones. The result of my exami- 

 nation of these remains is tliat I have come to the conclusion 

 that the common bear of the Cromer Forest-bid is specifically 

 distinct from the typical Ursus spelceus, though it certainly 

 belongs to the same (Spelnearctine) group, and may, perhaps, 

 represent the ancestral form. I suggest that this new species 

 should be called Ur.'nis savini, s]). n., in honour of Mr. Savin 

 of Cromer, wlio.se untiring zeal in collecting the Forest-bed 

 fossils is well known. 



1 propose to take as the type-specimen the light mandibular 

 ramus (1644^) from Bacton described and figured by Owen 

 in ' iiritish Fossil Mammals and Birds ' (1846), p. 89, tig. 35 c 

 (p. 106) ; also by E. T. Newton in ' Vertebiata of the Forest- 

 bed Series' (1882), pi. i. figs. 1, la. The fourth pren)olar 

 is also figured by Reynolds in ' British Pleistocene Mammalia ' 

 (Hon. Pal. Soc. 19U6), pi. vi. fig. Q>c. 



The dimensions of this specimen (in millimetres) are: — 



Leugth of jaw 260 



Depth of jaw between ?«.. and irii 67 



Height at coroiioid process 112 



Length of diastema app. 37 



Mz, length 24, width 16. 

 .v., „ 25, „ 16. 

 M„ „ 25, „ 12. 

 Pm„ „ 16, „ 10. 



Length of molar series {M1-M3) 75 



Leugth from m^ to canine app. 125 



Canine : long diameter of base of crown 25 



» short „ „ „ 17 



It is not denied that U. savini, though smaller, resembles 

 U. spelaus in some important points — e, g., (1) in the loss of 

 the anterior premolars (in one case pnii is present) ; (2) in 

 the tendency towards the complication of the crown oi pm^ by 

 the development of an inner cusp, which, however, is by no 

 means always present ; (8) in, the complication of the crowns 

 of the molars through the development of numerous accessory 

 tubercles. On the other hand, it differs in (1) the relatively 

 smaller size of the cheek-teeth in proportion to the jaw ; (2) in 

 the shorter diastema between /)/»4 and the canine ; (3) in 

 the more slender form of the latter tooth, especially in the 

 region of its root; (4) the smaller size of the posterior lobe 

 of the last lower molar compared to the anterior lobe. 



The degree of complication of pm^ is very variable ; in 



