some Parasitic Nematodes. 



r.oi 



tliorc aro dec]) grooves in the cuticle nimiiii^ from the iiit(;r- 

 hil>i;i to the base of each lip. The cau<l;il papiiliL' of the male 

 (lig-.s. 7, 8) in every case ii^ree in number and arrangement, 

 and aie found to be in accordance wiili the figure given \>y 

 V. Linstow (1884). The figure given by Schneider {18GG) 

 for Ascurit! ensicauJata is incomplete, tlie four small pairs of 

 ventral postanal papilhc having been omitted. These are 

 very minute and by no n)eans easy to detect in some s[)ecimens. 

 Tlie number (eight) of pairs of postanal ])apillcO given by 

 V. Linstow (IDOD) for '"'' Ascaris oisicaiiduta" seems to be 

 I rroneous. In both forms the vulva divides the body marly 

 in the proportion of 2 : 3. There is no appreciable dillerencc 



Fi.'. 4. 



0'//rf/7?. 



Porroccecian ensicaudattim. Dorsal lip, external aspect. 

 Letlcvin^' as in fi"-. 3. 



in tlie arrangement of the female organs, and the eggs arc of 

 the same dimensions (about O'l X 0*075 mm.). 



No difference could be detected between the material from 

 blackbirds and that from starlings. As has been implied 

 already, cervical ala^ are absent in P. ensictnidatdm. This is 

 contrary to the statements of some authors (Zeder, Rudoljdii, 

 Dujardin), >vho liave described what was presumably the 

 same species, and this discrepancy is difficult to explain. In 

 order to confirm this point, transverse sections, taken close to- 

 the head, of the two species were compared, and, while in 



