results from a number of experiments conducted both at the College and Experimental 

 Farms throughout the West seem to indicate that the best method of preparing stubble 

 land for wheat is by ploughing about 4 or 5 inches deep, packing and harrowing the 

 same day as ploughed and sowing the seed before the ground has had a chance to 

 dry out. The same method of preparation will also apply to land for oats and barley. 

 If the season should become dry after seeding, the data that has been obtained so far 

 would seem to indicate that it would pay to harrow the growing grain. The first 

 harrowing should be given just as the grain is peeping through the ground and the 

 second harrowing deferred until the grain is from 4 to 6 inches high. The kind of 

 harrow that is used will depend upon the implements the farmer has on hand and the 

 capital he wishes to invest in implements. The lever harrow, with the teeth slanted 

 slightly backwards, gives the best satisfaction, but any light harrow can be used to 

 good advantage, and many farmers are using the ordinary diamond drag harrow. 



Variety of Crop to be Sown — Throughout the southern part of Manitoba either 

 Marquis or Red Fife wheat can be used to good advantage. In the northern portion 

 of the Province, especially where there is danger of frost, Marquis will give the best 

 satisfaction, while in the very northern districts Prelude may be sown. In these latter 

 districts it is usually more profitable to use some earlier maturing crop, such as oats or 

 barley. In practically every district in the Province, Victory and Banner oats give 

 best satisfaction, while O.A.C. No. 21 and Manchurian barley are the best of the 

 6-rowed types. Among the 2-rowed sorts, Canadian Thorpe is considered good. 



Seed and Seeding — After the variety has been decided upon, the next important 

 operation is selecting good seed of that variety. If best results are to be obtained, it 

 should be absolutely pure, that is, free from both weed seeds and other kinds of grain. 

 The next point to be considered is its viability. If best results are to be obtained the 

 seed should germinate at least 80%. Some of the seed for the spring of 1916 will not 

 be of a very high quality because of the unusual weather conditions of the fall of 1915. 

 Some of the oats are frosted, the wheat sprouted and the barley weathered, which will 

 cause a very low germination; therefore, before the seed is sown it should be tested for 

 germination. If the seed is low in vitality, other seed should be procured, or if that 

 cannot be done, a larger quantity of seed should be sown per acre. Before seeding 

 any of these grains, they should be treated for smut, using either a solution of formalin 

 or bluestone. The wheat should be sown as soon as the ground can be worked and 

 not sown later than May 16th. Oats can be sown from the last week in 

 April until about May 20th; barley can be sown from the last week in April until 

 the first week in June. The amount of seed sown per acre will depend upon the vitality 

 of the seed, the preparation of the land and the amount of rainfall. With seed of 

 average germination and soil well prepared, in Manitoba, usually 1J^ bushels of wheat, 

 2 bushels of oats and \% bushels of barley will give good results. 



Forage and Root Crops — On every farm some live stock should be kept, and 

 this will necessitate the growing of forage and root crops. While corn last year was 

 badly damaged by frost, this should not discourage the growing of this valuable crop, 

 and every farmer should sow at least five acres. The variety that gives best results 

 generally throughout the Province is Northwestern Dent. The seed of corn should be 

 secured early, as there is likely to be a shortage. 



Where summer pasture is to be supplied, spring rye, oats, barley and peas can be 

 used to good advantage. The cereals can be mixed together in about equal parts and 

 sown two bushels of cereal to one of peas. If late fall pasture is required, it can be 

 obtained by sowing winter rye and rape or turnips.* Every farmer should plan, how- 

 ever, to seed down a small portion with grass and clover to supply both hay and pasture. 

 Unless the land is useless for other purposes, it should be sown with the intention of 

 breaking it up in about two years for other crops; if it is to be used for hay, timothy, 

 Western rye and red clover can be used to good advantage; if it is to be used for 



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