Possibilities of Increased Production 



25. The production of milk in Canada, while amounting to a large quantity in 

 the aggregate, is comparatively small per acre or for the area devoted to dairy or mixed 

 farming. 



26. It is claimed that more cheese is produced within a radius of 40 miles of 

 Whitchurch, Shropshire, England, than is exported from the whole of Canada. 



27. Holland, the area of which is only equal to that part of Ontario lying south- 

 west of a line drawn from Southampton on Lake Huron to the city of Hamilton, produces 

 over 180,000,000 pounds of cheese and 140,000,000 pounds of butter annually. 



28. There is more cheese produced in England and Scotland than in the whole 

 of Canada, and the bulk of it comes from a half dozen counties. 



29. In parts of Switzerland as many as 263 dairy cattle are maintained per square 

 mile. 



30. The average yield of milk per cow is still very low in Canada and might easily 

 be increased 25 or even 50 per cent. The records of the Cow Testing Associations and 

 Dairy Record Centres show that many farmers have, by judicious selection, following 

 systematic testing, increased the yield from their herds as much as 25 and 30 per cent, 

 in three years. 



31. The farmers of Canada as a class have not yet learned how important it is to 

 keep cows in good condition. If their feed is scarce the cows get short rations. In 

 older dairying countries the farmers take the view that they cannot afford to allow the 

 cows to get into poor condition. 



32. The growth of our towns and cities, with an increasing demand for winter 

 milk and cream, together with the shortage of butter, gives a new importance to winter 

 dairying. Following the inauguration of the winter dairying movement about 20 

 years ago there came a period of low prices which discouraged many who were inclined 

 to produce winter milk. Moreover, at that time the farmers were not generally so 

 well equipped as they are now — there were not so many silos for one thing. The winter 

 market is now a high one and is likely to be so in future. 



33. A very important factor in keeping up winter prices is the demand for milk and 

 cream which comes from the New England centres of population. If one looks at the 

 map it -will be seen that this great manufacturing district has only a limited territory 

 within the United States from which to draw supplies, and much of that territory is 

 very unproductive., If they look to the southward they compete with New York 

 City. As a result these cities are looking to southern Quebec for a portion of their 

 supplies. 



34. A more regular production throughout the year makes it easier to retain good 

 customers, simplifies some of the labour problems, both on the farm and in the factory, 

 by affording yearly employment. 



35. Percentage of cattle compared with population in different countries (No. of 

 cattle to every 100 of population). 



New Zealand 197 per cent. 



Denmark 83 per cent. 



United States 69 per cent. 



Sweden 48 per cent. 



Switzerland 38 per cent. 



Canada 36 per cent. 



France 36 per cent. 



Austria 32 per cent. 



Germany 31 per cent. 



United Kingdom : 27 per cent. 



¥ For a country without a large industrial population Canada takes a very low place 

 in the foregoing list. 



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