There are several grade cows in Canada giving from 9,000 to 18,000 pounds of milk, 

 and from 300 to 500 pounds of fat in the year. These have been discovered through 

 cow-testing. 



Records of a Few Canadian Herds 



The record of a pure-bred herd in Western Ontario for 1915 was, 22 cows averaged 

 8,357 pounds of milk, 4.2 test, 354 pounds of fat; 344 days in milk. Included in the 

 22 cows are no fewer than 9 two-year-olds. One two-year-old gave over 10,700 pounds 

 of milk and 478 pounds of fat, while a seven-year-old gave only 6,053 pounds of milk 

 and 266 pounds of fat. 



The following is a sample record of a herd in Western Ontario. The average yield 

 of 16 cows (only one, a two-year-old pure-bred) was 9,519 pounds of milk and 305 

 pounds of fat. One six-year-old bought at a sale gave 5,965 lb. milk, 197 lb. fat; the 

 best yield was from a seven-year-old, 12,773 lb. milk, 401 lb. fat. This owner, in two 

 years, has increased his average yield by over two thousand pounds of milk and sixty 

 pounds of fat per cow. 



In a herd of 8 grade cows near St. Hyacinthe, Que., the average, including a two- 

 year-old and 2 three-year-olds, was 4,354 lb. milk and 154.8 lb. fat, showing an average 

 net profit, above the $33.50 feed cost, of $15.85 per cow. 



At St. Joseph, New Brunswick, the average yield of 19 grade cows, including 3 

 two-year-olds and 4 three-year-olds, was 5,976 lb. milk and 221 lb. fat. With a feed 

 cost of $48.00 the average net profit was $18.36 per cow. One cow made $40.80 clear 

 profit. 



The following analysis of a herd at Avonmore, Ont., where the owner weighs the 

 milk daily, indicates upon what a good working basis cows may be put; but even here 

 are several contrasts in yields and net profit. 



Age 



Average . 



Increased Production 



Wherever cow-testing is taken up intelligently, more careful feeding, breeding with 

 a purpose, and thorough crop cultivation to insure abundant suitable feed are results 

 that may confidently be expected to follow. These results follow just because the scale 

 and sample indicate that it pays. Poor cows need not be kept simply to fill up the stable, 

 deception as to the real merit of any one cow cannot be practised on the man who 

 studies milk and feed records. 



The efficient modern dairyman will know how much his protein costs per pound, 

 whether he gets 200 or 1,400 pounds of milk per acre, whether the feed cost of milk is 

 62 or 82 cents per 100 lbs., whether each cow makes two, or twenty, or sixty dollars clear 



122 



