profit in a year above the cost of her feed. Thus the possibilities of increased production, 

 more economical production, are difficult to limit. Certain it is, the best herd, the best 

 individual cow, the best factory return, the best district average is yet ahead of us. 

 In one creamery in Nova Scotia the average yield in 1909 was only sixty-three 

 pounds of fat per cow from 445 cows. In 1915 there were 2,739 cows supporting the 

 creamery with an average of ninety-two pounds of fat. 



The following table relating to Ontario cows is full of significance. 



Some Sample Increases in Three Years' Cow-Testing, Both in Number of Cows and 

 Yields of Milk. 



Last Year 3 Years Ago Increase Percentage 



No. of Average No. of Average Per Cow Increase 



Cows Lb. Milk Cows Lb. Milk Lbs. Milk Lbs. No. of 

 Herd 



A 9 7,225 5 



B 14 7,574 8 



C 8 6,404 5 



D 11 7,255 8 



E 7 4,844 . 2 



F 8 10,935 5 7,689 3,246 42 60 



G 16 7,259 12 4,572 2,687 58 33 



Average... 73 7,392 45 5,405 1,987 36 62 



So much better was the general average of the cows kept, that the total milk 

 yield was more than doubled. 



ASSISTANCE IN COW TESTING 



The assistance from the Dairy Division of the Department of Agriculture at 

 Ottawa, in regard to cow testing, is just as liberal as in former years. Where a cow 

 testing association is organized and a thoroughly competent person will do the testing 

 of milk samples from individual cows once a month, supplies of preservative tablets 

 and sulphuric acid will be sent free of charge, together with the necessary blank forms; 

 beyond this, a payment of five cents per sample tested will be made. Factory owners, 

 cheese and butter makers will do well to note these facts and act promptly. 



WHAT ONE FARMER HAS DONE IN BUILDING UP A DAIRY HERD 



William Pollock, of Harold, Ont., reports that in eight years, 1908 to 1915, he 

 increased the output from the same number of cows from $800 to $1,726. This was 

 accomplished by breeding better, keeping records, culling out, raising his calves and 

 feeding a little better. 



He states: — "Every dairyman should use a pure-bred sire — the best he can afford. 

 Three years ago I milked 12 heifers, two years old at freshening. Eight of them were 

 sired by pure-bred sires and four by a mongrel, but from as good cows as we had in 

 Plum Grove Factory. The eight all proved good but one. The other four were only 

 boarders and I ruled them out the first year. The mature cow that will not give me 

 9,000 lbs. of milk in ten months must go. My average per cow in 1915 was 9,293 lbs. 

 I consider it time well spent to weigh every milking and keep records." 



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