70 FOREST 



a. Distant or General Market ; chiefly Chicago and* Detroit. 

 Mill run prices paid now for lumber f. o. b in this county: 



Hemlock, $16.00, 

 Maple, $20.00. Etc. 

 Grading is not severe. 



b. Freight rates to Chicago to Detroit to Buffalo, etc. 



c. The X Railway passes through county N. and S., and has 

 three branch lines aggregating. ...... .miles. Four branch lines 



abandoned in last ten years. 



e. Logging in this district is now all to Ry. ; and is both sum- 

 mer and winter logging ; little machinery ; few steam loaders ; X Ry. 

 furnishes cars. 



a. Wages, average $35.00 and board; good men hard to get for 

 regular camps. Board costs 60 cts. per man and day. 



b. Teams $500. Keep $1.20 per day. 



c. Camps of boards ; one concern uses camp cars. 



d. Cutting logs $ .80 per M. ft. 



Skidding per team i.oo " " " 



Loading per team 25 " " *' 



Road building per team 50 " " " 



Railway construction i .00 " 



Railway operation and up-keep 75 



Supervision .25 



Interest, tax, depreciation 50 ' 



e. Hauling in summer by "Big Wheels" ; in winter on sleigh, 

 use ice road for haul over two miles ; one outfit hauls twelve miles 



.and uses sleigh locomotive, works day and night. 



f. Logging is "clean" here now, i. e., all is cut ; much of 

 material does not pay for removal; logging destroys the forest, 

 leaves slash, and is usually followed by fire. 



g. There is still about one billion feet of timber in this county 

 and this is now being logged at rate of fifty million feet per year; 

 about 30% Hemlock, 24% Maple, the rest Beech, Elm, etc. 



h. Cedar and Tamarack is exploited entirely in small way by 

 local people ; ties cut and hewn at fifteen cents per tie, poles cut and 

 peeled at thirty cents seventy-five cents a piece, etc. Hemlock bark 

 is peeled and stacked at $1.50 per cord. 



