82 FOREST REGULATION 



raising of timber in importance. Accordingly, even the General 

 Plan for the forest is not always the same, but varies with locality. 



d. The General Plan as well as Detail Plans are not fixed 

 affairs, but change with time and development. In Germany the 

 plan of Protection may be omitted entirely because protection here 

 is old, and there is nothing to be modified. In the United States, on 

 the other hand, the plan of Protection may be and often is the first 

 and most important plan to make and develop. 



e. The distinction between General and Detail Plans is not 

 sharp and consistent. In Montana the Grazing Plan would be im- 

 portant and deserve a place in General as well as in the Detail 

 Plans ; in Michigan grazing, if allowed at all, would be a trivial 

 matter and form part of the Detail Plans of Secondary Utilization. 



f. General Plans deal with all large and important features of 

 the enterprise. They sum up briefly dominant conditions ; outline 

 methods to be used, and the object to be attained. 



Usually they cover : 



1. The objects of the forest-business, or the objects of the 

 owner in buying the forest and conducting this business. 



2. Species, or Kinds of timber which the forest is to raise. 



3. Methods of Silviculture, or methods to be employed in 

 raising the crop of timber. 



4. Rotation, or how old the crop of timber is to be when cut. 



5. Regulation of the Cut in Amount and in Location, condi- 

 tion of Age Classes, distribution of young 1 and old stands on the 

 property and a plan for greater regularity in Age Classes and more 

 satisfactory distribution. 



The above five topics usually make up General Plans in text- 

 books treating of the old settled conditions of the . state forests 

 abroad. In a new country like ours, and wherever new enterprises 

 are to be developed, several additional lines of work require atten- 

 tion in these General Plans. Among these are : 



6. Plans of Improvements, particularly the development of 

 roads, trails, telephone lines, suitable housing for help, etc. 



7. Plans of Utilization, or plans of logging timber, policies 

 and regulations in cases of timber sales on stump, and then also 

 plans for secondary utilization, such as grazing, turpentine, tan 

 bark, etc. 



