OF CUT 119 



F. REGULATION OF THE CUT IN AMOUNT AND 

 IN LOCATION. 



German : "Eftragsregehing 1 " including the "Hiebsordnung." 



I. General Considerations. 



Since Forest Regulation aims to make a forest property into a 

 regular business with yearly income proportional to investment, and 

 since timber ordinarily requires fifty and more years to grow, cut- 

 ting of the timber must be adapted or regulated to fit into the 

 general plan. 



1. The farmer harvests all that grows on an acre of land each 

 year, the forester must let growth on any one acre accumulate for 

 fifty and more years. The farmer harvests growth from all his 

 lands each year, and his yearly harvest is exactly what grows in that 

 particular year. The forester, to have a yearly cut and income, must 

 regulate his business,- and in any case he does not cut what grew in 

 that particular year, but an amount equivalent to the year's growth, 

 in fact he cuts what grew during the last fifty or one hundred years 

 on a part of his land. In this way the forester's crops average up 

 and yearly income is not fluctuating to such a degree as it is on the 

 farm. 



2. To be able to cut a crop of ripe or eighty-year old timber 

 each year, the forester of a 20,000 acre property must have areas 

 of old. middle age and young timber at all times. In this particular 

 case he would really need 250 acres of 80 year old, 250 acres of 79 

 year old, etc., all the way to 250 acres of one year old stuff. This 

 perfect regularity is not possible ; fire, storm, snow, frost, insects and 

 disease, all help to disturb regularity even if it were possible to 

 establish. 



3. In practice the forester is satisfied if he can get an approxi- 

 mation to this, such that he has, in the above case, 5000 acres of 

 stuff between 60 and 80 years, 5000 acres 40-60 years, etc. ; i. e., 

 that each twenty year Age Class, have about an equal area of land. 

 To bring about this regularity of Age Classes in the forest is one of 

 the chief objects of regulating the cut. 



4. This regularity, when once accomplished, not only assures 

 a yearly cut and income, but it does more. Assuming proper care 



