150 FOREST REGULATION 



greater regularity of Age Classes, and with this for a better forest 

 business. 



It works entirely with estimated quantities in its allotments, and 

 it works in part with quantities or stands not yet even planted. This 

 defect is easily overstated. The farmer who buys a farm, practically 

 estimates the value of the farm on the basis of crops to be sown and 

 harvested in the future. 



This method was brought into prominence by Hartig, and made, 

 for a time, the official method of the state forests of Prussia. It 

 did good service, but was later displaced by the more accurate Area 

 Allotment which works with quantities accurately measured and 

 permanent. 



f . Best critics usually charge that cuts of equal amount are not 

 always desirable, that if much old timber exists there should be 

 freedom to remove it, and also that estimates for the future are too 

 uncertain. They also state that this method has more regard for 

 the interests of the owner and market than Area Allotment.* All 

 through these discussions it is apparent that objections are based on 

 conditions which are not necessarily parts of the Method, but are 

 more mistakes in the application of the Method. 



2. Growing Stock Methods. Austrian and Hundeshagen. 



In these Methods the cut of timber to be taken each year is 

 gauged by the amount of Growing Stock on the land. 



a. Austrian Method and Heyer's Modification of this, or 

 Heyer's Formula. 



In wild woods with their irregularities of growing stock, and 

 age classes, and their long rotations (life of tree) a particular forest 

 may have more growing stock than is necessary to get the best 

 growth under shortened (man-made) rotation. In such a case it is 

 desirable to cut, not only the growth, but also to cut some of this 

 surplus, stored-up wood capital, and gradually reduce the growing 

 stock to a normal or proper amount, in keeping with rotation. This 

 is done according to the following formula : 



* See Martin, p. 209; Judeich, p. 356. 



