156 FOREST REGULATION 



The fact that this method, like all volume methods, works with 

 estimated quantities, and gauges such quantities for the future is 

 not nearly as serious as appears at first. Just as in farming, average 

 yield per acre for twenty or more years can very well be estimated 

 and is relied upon in setting a value on the farm and its business, 

 so it can be relied upon in forestry, where the crop is far more 

 independent of the seasonal fluctuations of growth. The important 

 point here is not that estimates be accurate, though of course this is 

 desirable, but that the plan is followed faithfully and that the prop- 

 erty is re-examined and the plan revised at regular intervals to suit 

 changed conditions. For it can never be emphasized too much that 

 the forest is a living body, and reproduction, growth, cut and decay 

 bring decided changes every year, so that no plan can be relied upon 

 for any length of time. 



In applying the Austrian-Heyer Formula to Wild Woods and 

 to Selection forests, actual growth and Normal Growing Stock are 

 obtained from Yield table studies, and Actual Growing Stock can 

 only be obtained by cruising the property. 



That this method or formula is not applicable in the case of a 

 small forest in which the entire growing stock is unripe young stuff 

 is self evident. In such a case there is nothing to do but wait until 

 the stuff is ripe to cut. To cite such cases in evidence of the 

 deficiency of the Austrian Method can not help science or practice.. 



It is also evident that in the case of large wild woods properties 

 some errors must creep in wherever large bodies of old defective 

 stuff can not be sold. In such cases there is not only a cut, but there 

 is also a natural harvest or decay which needs to be considered. But 

 such difficulties are of minor importance and can be largely elimin- 

 ated by separating portions of the property which have no market 

 and simply treating them, temporarily, as separate Working Sec- 

 tions not yet ready for Regulation of Cut. 



b. Hundeshagen's Method and Von Mantel's Modification 

 of this. Hundeshagen assumed that the relation of Growth (or 

 Cut) to Growing Stock should be the same in the unregulated forest 

 as in the regulated one. His formula : 



Cut in ordinary forest /Growing Stock of this forest = Cut in 

 Regulated Forest/Growing Stock in Regulated Forest, or Cut/Ga = 

 Yr/Gn .*. Cut = Ga (Yr/Gn). 



