172 TETANUS, MALIGNANT (EDEMA, ETC. 



Toxins and antitoxins have been demonstrated. It is be- 

 lieved that there is very little, if any, toxin production within 

 the human host. The train of disastrous symptoms following 

 the swallowing of infected meat are supposed to be due to 

 toxins formed in the meat before it was ingested. 



QUESTIONS. 



When, where, and by whom was the Bacillus tetani discovered and culti- 

 vated ? 



How many forms of the Bacillus tetani are there, and how are these dis- 

 tinguished ? 



What is the characteristic appearance of the spore-bearing form? 



In what atmosphere does it grow best, and why? 



What is the temperature- limit of its growth? 



How does it grow in gelatin? In agar? In bouillon? In milk? 



What is Kitasato's method of obtaining pure cultures of this bacillus? 



In what form is it motile ? 



What agents and chemicals are the spores capable of resisting, and to what 

 extent? 



What is tetanin ? 



Describe a method of growing anaerobic bacilli with the use of paraffin oil. 



What animals are susceptible to the infection of tetanus? 



Describe the autopsy of an animal inoculated with Bacillus tetani. 



Where and how are inoculations in animals made ? 



What symptoms are produced by tetanin injection ? 



What type of infection is tetanus ? 



How is tetanus toxin prepared ? 



What is the degree of toxicity of tetanin ? 



How is the antitoxin of tetanus prepared? 



How is it used and for what purpose? 



Why is it of more use in veterinary than in human medicine? 



How is the strength of tetanus antitoxin expressed ? 



By whom was discovered the bacillus of malignant oedema ? 



Where is it found ? 



What is its appearance ? 



How does it stain ? 



How does it behave in the presence of oxygen? 



How does it grow on different media ? 



What animals are susceptible ? 



How are inoculations performed ? 



What symptoms are produced by inoculation? 



By whom was the bacillus of symptomatic anthrax discovered ? 



Where is it found ? 



What diseases of animals are produced by it? 



Give the description of microorganisms containing spores and vegetative 

 forms. 



How does it stain ? 



What effect does the addition of glucose to media have upon the growth 

 of this organism ? 



How does it grow in different media? 



What are the effects of temperature on its growth? 



