QUESTIONS 183 



tion against typhoid fever may be considered of certain value. 

 During the immunization no evil effects of any great conse- 

 quence are usually experienced. 



The results obtained by these vaccinations have been en- 

 couraging and seem to open up a promising field for the 

 serum-therapy of typhoid fever. 



Antityphoid Serum. Bokenham succeeded in immunizing a 

 horse by using a filtered bouillon culture of the typhoid bacil- 

 lus, and he claimed that the horse's serum has immunizing 

 power when injected into guinea-pigs. 



QUESTIONS. 



What name is usually given to the microorganism causing typhoid fever? 



By whom ami when w T as it discovered ? 



Where is it found in the human body? 



Where is it occasionally found outside of the human body? 



Describe the Bacillus typhosus. 



What are its staining peculiarities ? 



How do you stain the flagella of the Bacillus typhosus ? 



Why do you say that it contains no spores ? 



How does it behave in the presence of oxygen ? 



Is it motile ? 



At what temperature does it grow best ? 



What is its growth on gelatin? On agar? On lactose-litmus-agar ? On 

 potato? In Dunham's solution? In the fermentation-tube? 



Does it liquefy gelatin ? 



What is the thermal death-point of the Bacillus typhosus ? 



What is agglutinin ? 



How are animals inoculated with the Bacillus typhosus? 



What are the points of difference between the Bacillus typhosus and the 

 Bacillus coli communis ? 



Give the Widal-Chantemesse method of distinguishing between colonies 

 of typhoid and coli communis? 



Give Eisner's method of separating the Bacillus typhosus from the Bacillus 

 coli comminiis and water bacteria. 



Give Abbott's mode of preparing Eisner's medium. 



On what are Stodard's and Hiss' methods based? 



In what organ may the bacillus be obtained in pure cultures? 



How may the resistance of animals to typhoid inoculation be overcom6? 



On what does the serum-test of typhoid fever depend? 



How may serum be obtained for this test? 



Describe the methods pursued with dried blood in municipal laboratories. 



