APPENDIX. 



Of the Faculties of the Mind, as evinced through the instrumentality of a perfect 



Nervous System. 



Note EE. 



This very extensive subject can only receive a very cursory notice from us at this 

 place. We shall merely offer an arrangement of the powers of the mind, commencing- 

 with its lowest manifestations, or those most extensively disseminated throughout the 

 animal kingdom, and proceeding to the highest or most perfect faculties. 



CLASS I. INSTINCTIVE POWERS. (Strong and immediate incentives to Action.) 

 ORDJER I. Instinctive Powers -which tend to preserve the Individual. 



1, The appetite for food and drink. 2. The desire of pre. 

 serving the animal warmth. 3, The desire of repose. 

 4, Desire of place. 

 ORDER II. Instinctive Powers -which tend to perpetuate the species. 



1, The appetite for procreation. 2, Parental and filial af- 

 fection. 3, Desire of society. 4, Social affection, giv- 

 ing rise to mutual support. * 5, Sympathy. 



CLASS II. INTELLECTUAL POWERS. 



ORDER I. Powers of consciousness, or the simpler Manifestations of Mind. 



1, Perception. 2, Attention. 3, Memory. 4, Conception, 

 OIIBER II. Powers of Intellection, or the more Active Powers of Mind. 



1, Association of Ideas. 2, Abstraction. 3, Imagination. 



4, Judgment or Reasoning. 

 OBDEB III. Ideas of Reflection, springing from the Exercise of the former 



Orders of Powers. (Rational incentives to Action. ) 

 1, Personality. 2, Time. 3, Power. 4, Truth, Causa* 

 tion. 5, Existence of a Deity. 6, Duty, Moral and 

 Religious obligations, Rectitude, Merit and Demerit, &c. 



It will be perceived that the third order of ideas, into which we have arranged here 

 the intellectual powers, are chiefly derived from reflection, or from the mind itself. Se? 

 on this subject the writings of Duff aid Steward ; of Doctor Brown ; Dr. Barclay, on Life 

 and Organization ,- Dr. Pritchard on the Nervous System ,- and the London Medical Re*. 

 positorii, volumes xvii. and xviii. 



Of Dreaming. Mr. A. Carmichael has lately adopted and illustrated the theory ot 

 dreaming proposed by Dr. Spurzheim, that dreams are caused by certain isolated por- 

 tions or organs of the brain continuing awake, while the remainder of it is in a temporary 

 paralysis from sleep. " According to this view the particular dream will be fashioned 

 by the part or parts which are not under the dominion of sleep ; and the irrationality of 

 our sleeping thoughts is accounted for by one or more parts or organs, thus acting with- 

 out co-operation or correction from the other parts of the encephalon." 



Mr. C. enumerates no less than seven different states of sleeping and waking '. When 

 the entire brain and nervous system are buried in sleep, then there is a total exemption 

 from dreaming. 2, When some of the mental organs are awake, and all the senses are 

 asleep ; then dreams occur, and seem to be realities. 3, When the above condition 

 exists, and the nerves of voluntary motion are also in a state of wakefulness ; then may 

 occur the rare phenomenon of somnambulism. 4, When one of the senses is awake, 

 with some of the mental organs ; then we may be conscious, during our dream, of its illu- 

 sory nature. 5, When some of the mental organs are asleep, and two or more senses awake ; 

 then we can attend to external impressions, and notice the gradual departure of our 

 slumbers. 6, When we are totally awake, and in full possession of our faculties and 

 powers. 7, When, under these circumstances, we are so occupied with mental opera- 

 tions, as not to attend to the impressions of external objects / and then our re very deludes 

 us like a dream. 



