370 QUESTIONS. 



BRANCH IV. i, What are the general characteristics of echino- 

 derms? 2. What is a pedicellaria? How used? 3. Describe the 

 water vascular system, and its use. 4. What is a crinoid ? 4. Define 

 an echinus. 6. How does it differ from star-fishes? 7. What is a 

 madreporic plate ? 8. Define a holothurian. 9. How do they breathe ? 

 10. What is the position of the madreporic plate ? II. Describe the 

 development of holothurians. 



BRANCH V. I. What are the general characteristics of worms? 

 2. Describe a planarian worm. 3. Give its life -history from the egg to 

 adult. 4. What fable is there associated with the Gorgius aquaticus? 



5. Define a rotifer. 6. Why are they termed wheeled? 7. What are 

 the polyzoans? 8 In what do they differ from other worms ? 9. De- 

 fine a brachiopod. 10. Give examples, n. Describe a leech. 12. 

 What peculiarity is there about their teeth ? 13. Describe the eggs 

 and habits of young. 14. Describe an earth-worm. 15. How does it 

 crawl, eat, dig, etc.? 16. For what are they valued by man? 17. De- 

 scribe a marine worm. 18. What do you conceive to be the use of the 

 luminous property in worms ? 19. Give examples of luminous forms. 



BRANCH VI. I. What are the general characteristics of mollusks ? 

 2. Describe the pai'ts of a clam-shell. 3. Describe the internal organs. 

 4. How does the oyster breathe? 5. Describe the nervous system. 6. 

 Where are the eyes, and ears? 7. How is the foot of clams used ? 8. 

 How does the pecten move ? 9. What are the habits of the pholas ? 10. 

 Define a univalve, n. Mention a surface shell. 12. What is an oper- 

 culum ? 13. Define the heteropoda. 14. Define an air-breathing gas- 

 teropod. 15. Describe the land-slugs. 16. What peculiar secretion 

 have they? 17. Describe the eyes of the onchidium. 18. What are 

 the highest forms of mollusks? 19. Describe the nautilus. 20. Can it 

 leave its shell ? 21. Has it an ink-bag? 22. What peculiarity is there 

 about its eye ? 23. Describe a squid. 24. How does it differ from the 

 preceding forms? 25. How is the siphon used? The ink ? 26. How 

 is the body supported? 27. Describe the octopus. 28. How does the 

 argonaut differ from the nautilus? What fable is there about them? 

 29. Where and how are the eggs placed ? 



BRANCH VII. I. Define the arthropoda. 2. What are the dis- 

 tinctive characteristics of crustaceans? 3. Describe the skeleton of the 

 cray-fish. 4. How does it breathe ? 5. How is molting accomplished? 



6. Describe the metamorphosis of a crab ; mention an exception. 7. 

 How are the eggs carried ? 8. Describe the growth of a barnacle. 

 9. What are cirri? 10. Mention some peculiarity about the brine- 

 shrimp. II. What crustaceans secrete a bivalve shell? 12. Define the 

 decapods. 1-3. How do the hermits differ from preceding forms ? 



