VIOLET FAMILY. Violaceae. 



An attractive kind, usually about three 

 M Untain inches tall, with almost smooth leaves, 

 Viola vendsa often with purplish veins, with blunt tips 



Yellow and margins obscurely or coarsely toothed, 



Spring or almost toothless, and with long leaf- 



stalks ' The flowers are usu ally less than 

 half an inch long, with clear yellow petals, 

 more or less tinged with purple on the outside, the lower 

 petal usually with several, purplish-black veins, the two 

 side petals with one or two veins. This has no scent, the 

 capsule is roundish and hairy, and the cleistogamous 

 flowers are abundant. It grows on dry mountainsides 

 and is very variable both as to flower and foliage and much 

 smaller at great altitudes, the whole plant being not more 

 than an inch high. The drawing is of a Utah plant. 



This is quite tall, the slender, rather 

 Canada Violet 



Viola Canadensis weak stems bem g sometimes over a foot 

 Pale-violet, white high, with smooth leaves, often with some 

 Spring, summer hairs on the veins of the under side. The 

 West, etc., except flowers> oyer half an inch across> with a 



short petal-sp'ur, are almost white, deli- 

 cately veined with purple, yellow in the throat and tinged 

 with violet or purple on the outside. Occasionally they 

 are pure-white all over and sometimes sweet-scented. The 

 capsule is oval and smooth. This is common in eastern 

 mountain woods, and to eastern eyes looked far from 

 home when we found it in Walnut Canyon in Arizona. 



This is small and low, about three inches 



high ' with leafy stems ' formin a clum P 

 Viola adunca var. of small > smooth, more or less toothed 

 glabra leaves, with blunt tips, dark green on the 



Pale-blue upper side and paler on the under, with 



Utah* 8 ' SUmmer two, quite large, fringed bracts at the 



bases of the leaf-stalks, and two, small, 

 fringed bracts on the flower-stems, half an inch below the 

 flower. The flowers are scentless, measure less than half 

 an inch across, and are pale-blue or almost white, with veins 

 of dark blue on the lower petal and tufts of white, fuzzy 

 hairs inside, at the base of the side petals, the spur purplish. 

 This grows in mountain canyons, at a height of five thoi 

 sand to nine thousand feet, and is very small at gi 

 altitudes. 



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