Would be like an architect using the sanie general plan for a dwelling, business block, church 

 or school -house. 



2. EVIDENCE FROM CONNECTING GROUPS. Forms are known which occupy an inter- 

 mediate position between two other groups having characterics common to the two. Most of the 

 forms of plants and animals that lived in the past are of this nature, while those of to-day may 

 connect these ancestral forms with those that are still to appear upon the earth. These connect- 

 ing forms appear to bridge the gaps between related groups and strongly suggest that there was 

 an actual passage from one to the other. They may be harmonized with the special creation 

 theory by simply assuming that the CREATOR saw a place for these forms and created them 

 directly without reference to the preceding, or the following groups. 



3. EVIDENCE FROM GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION. All closely related groups (species) 

 occupy regions of geographic proximity upon the earth. Their distribution over the earth is 

 most satisfactorily explained by assuming that they all originated from a single ancestral 

 group, in a single locality and spread from this as a center. The direction of migration and 

 the distance that they were able to make depended upon various geographic factors, climatic 

 conditions and their powers of locomotion. A single illustration will serve to show the bear- 

 ing of this evidence upon the doctrine of development. The humming-birds are confined to 

 North and South America, being most abundant in individuals and varieties in the northern 

 portion of South America and diminishing in all directions. This seems to imply that the 

 group originated in this region as a center, that they were somewhat modified by getting into 

 different environments and gradually migrated in every direction favorable for their distribu- 

 tion. Without the necessary powers of flight they have not been able to leave the continent. 

 Had they been made by methods of special creation it would seem that they would have been 

 distributed more or less uniformly over tli2 earth in those environments suitable for them. The 

 full force of the evidence can be appreciated only when one makes a careful study of the dis- 

 tribution of a large number of plants and animals. 



4. EVIDENCE FROM THE GEOLOGICAL RECORD. From a study of the table given 

 upon page 10 it is seen that the lower groups of life were introduced upon the earth first and 

 that these were followed by higher and higher forms successively, the highest of all being the 

 last to appear. This is just the order in which these groups should have appeared providing 

 a slow, gradual, progressive development had taken place, so that the theory receives this 

 additional support. Under the sp2cial creation theory this would have been a natural order 

 of creation, providing the various groups were not all created at the same time, but since no 

 change in the forms can be assumed, 'we are compelled to believe that at the close of each suc- 

 cessive period practically all the animal and plant life of the earth was annihilated. With the 

 l)2gimiin.j of th; tiixt period entirely new forms, but closely resembling those that had just 

 been destroyed must have been created by divine command. The improbability of this 

 method may bs seen when we consider any single form, such as fossil horses, which gradually 

 grew in size and lost their digits during the Cenozoic era. 



5. EVIDENCP; FROM RUDIMENTARY STRUCTURES. In the bodies of plants and animals 

 there occur structures that appear to be merely the vesliges of organs that were once functional 

 and presumably well developed. The two miniature stamens in the Salvia, the "splint 

 bones" of the horse, the wings of the penguin and Apteryx, are illustrations. According to 

 the theory of development these structures furnish evidence that the forms have changed as 

 the result of a changed environment and these are the remnants of organs originally useful. 

 Their elimination takes place with extreme slowness. Under the special creation theory we 

 are compelled to believe that these structures really have a use, yet undiscovered, or else that 

 the CREATOR put into animals and plants structures without use, say for the purpose of carry- 

 ing out a regular plan. 



6. EVIDENCE FROM INDIVIDUAL DEVELOPMENT. A study of the life history of indi- 

 viduals shows that they pa<s through a series of stages which represent, in a general way, the 

 same stages through which the group to which it belongs must have passed providing it had 

 been developed. A familiar illustration is furnished by the frog which begins life as a single 

 cell, which divides and subdivides, forming a solid sphere of cells (morn/a), a hollow sphere 

 with a single layer of cells (blastula'), a spheroid with a double layer of cells {gastnda) which 

 elongates and acquires the foundation of a vertebral column. From this stage the embryo has 

 all the essential characteristics of ajis/i, in which stage it lives for a year, when it sprouts two 



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