Sixth tirade. Mining and ftartufacturing Phase, Age of Industrial Specialization 



THEME FOX THE YEA.R; Utilization of Natures Inorganic Materials and Energies. 



Fresh water mussels in a large, shallow tank in school room. 



Valves, foot, locomotion, siphons, currents, mantle, gills, palpi, muscles. 



Structure of valves; epidermis, prismatic and pearly layers. 



Action of dilute acid upon each. Lime carbonate. 



Structure and formation of pearls. 

 A collection of oyster shells for comparison with mussel. 



Test with acid snail shells and coral fragments. 

 Limestone the product of shell and coral accumulation. 

 Properties of limestone, varieties, uses, distribution over state. 



Formation of marble, varieties, uses. 



Calcite; color, luster, weight, cleavage, hardness, streak, action of acid. 

 Study the incrustation from tea kettle and then calcareous tufa, hot springs formation, 



stalactites and stalagmites. 

 Precipitated chalk from lime water and carbon dioxide. Use in tooth powder. 



Erosion by running water, wave action and ice-sheets. 

 Sorting power of water and accumulation of sand and clay deposits. 

 Sandstone; formation, varieties, properties, uses and distribution overstate 



Clay, shale and slate; properties and uses. 



The formation and properties of chalk and marl. 



Cement manufacture from clay or shale and limestone or marl. 



Uses of cement; sidewalks, curbing, bridges, houses, etc. 



Galenite studied as was calcite; reduction to lead on charcoal. 



Properties and uses of lead. Comparison with ore. 



General properties of limonite, hematite and magnetite, including effect with magnet. 

 The alteration in limonite and hematite by heating upon charcoal. 

 The reduction of iron ores to iron, its properties and uses. 



The manufacture and uses of steel. 

 Loadstone, magnetism and the compass. 

 Pyriteand chalcopyrite, properties and reduction. 



Native copper, its properties and uses. Color imparted to flame both with and without 

 hydrochloric acid. Test the chalcopyrite in this way. 



Properties, formation, occurrence and uses of rock salt. 

 Baking soda and soda ash from limestone and salt. 

 Uses of soda in baking and glass manufacture. 



Principles of simple lever; fulcrum, power, weight, arms, law and various applications 



in quarries and mines. 

 Pulleys and wheel and axle as types of continuous levers. 



The derrick and its uses. 

 The principle of the inclined plane, wedge, and the screw. 



Supposed method of building the pyramids. 

 Modern fire-proof buildings of steel, stone, brick, cement, glass and slate. 



Properties of a piece of dry, cleaned bone ; color, lustre, weight, hardness, manner of 



breaking, strength", etc. 



Presence of carbon, shown by incomplete burning and production of bone black. 

 Complete burning in a stove or furnace, and only mineral matter left. Comparison of 

 burned and unburned bone, to discover what properties are due to the 



burnable (organic) ingredients. 



Test burned bone with dilute acid to show presence of carbonate. 

 Other mineral matter present, which will dissolve, but which is not a carbonate, 



(lime phosphate). 



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