112 NATURAL ARRANGEMENT OF INSECTS. 



rudimentary states, they are as active as their parents, 

 from which they are alone to be distinguished by the 

 absence of their wings. The larvae rapidly increase in 

 size ; and, after casting their skin, become pupae. It is 

 in this latter state only that the rudiments of wings, in 

 the shape of scale-like processes or tubercles, are first 

 perceptible ; the developement of these into perfect 

 wings constitutes the adult insects. Thus, although 

 the Hemiptera are so intimately connected to the Le- 

 jiidiiptera, that there are insects in each which render 

 their division by no means easy, they are yet strikingly 

 inferior to them in point of metamorphosis. On the 

 nature of the connection between these orders, we shall 

 subsequently enlarge, as well as upon that between 

 the Hemiptera and Hymenoptera. We shall, there- 

 fore, at once proceed to notice the primary groups or 

 tribes, and endeavour to trace their analogies in other 

 orders. 



(110.) We arrange all hemipterous insects under the 

 five following tribes : — I. The Cimicipes, or bugs, where 

 the upper wings are more or less horizontal, and fold 

 over each other at their extremities. — II. The Cicades, 

 or cicadas, having the upper wings deflexed, or incumbent 

 on the sides, and of a subtransparent nature through- 

 out : the rostrum is placed on the lowest portion of the 

 head, and is used only to feed on the juices of vegeta- 

 bles : the antennae are very short, and resemble fine 

 bristles : the females are furnished with an ovipositor, 

 which is used as a saw to effect openings in plants, 

 for the reception of the eggs. — III. The Aphides, 

 or plant lice, in some respects resembling the last, but 

 immediately distinguished by their long filiform an- 

 tennae, their very minute head, the absence of an ovi- 

 positor, and by having only two joints to their tarsi. — 

 IV. The Coccides, or blight insects, where the tarsal 

 joints are five ; the wings, where they exist, are only 

 two, and lie horizontally on the body, one over the 

 other : the females are apterous, and onisciform, and 

 are alone furnished with a rostrum. — V. We place, as 



