328 SUBTERRANEAN ORGANS 



of dense wood there is a parenchymatous stele, through which scattered 

 bundles run, surrounded by a white starchy cortex. This substitute 

 for ipecacuanha contains no emetine or cephaeline. 



3. Undulated Ipecacuanha, derived from Rictiardsonia scabra, Saint 

 Hilaire (N.O. Rubiacece, Brazil), occurs in tortuous pieces, the upper 

 part being cylindrical and bearing at the crown the remains of numerous 

 very slender aerial stems. On one side of the root the bark is occasion- 

 ally fissured nearly to the wood, and this gives the drug a somewhat 

 annulated appearance, which, however, is quite different from the 

 regular annulations of Brazilian ipecacuanha. The transverse section 

 exhibits a 'porous wood, and a thick, starchy bark often violet in 

 colour. 



FIG. 168. Lesser Striated Ipecacuanha (Richardsonia sp.). A, root, 

 natural size, cut transversely to show the dark bark. B, transverse 

 section, magnified, showing the porous wood. (Planchon and Collin.) 



4. Lesser Striated Ipecacuanha. This drug, which is occasionally 

 found on the market, is apparently derived from a species of Richard- 

 sonia, as it possesses a starchy, violet (often dark violet) bark and 

 porous wood, but is distinguished from the foregoing by its darker 

 colour and stouter aerial stems. 



5. Greater Striated Ipecacuanha is the root of PsycJiotria emetica, 

 Linne. It is about the size of Cartagena ipecacuanha and closely 

 resembles the foregoing, being irregularly constricted, dark in colour, 

 and exhibiting in transverse section a dark, violet-coloured bark ; it 

 may be distinguished by its dense wood, and by the presence of sugar 

 in the bark, starch being completely absent. The colour of the bark 

 and the absence of starch easily distinguish this root from either 

 Brazilian or (which it closely resembles in appearance) Cartagena 

 ipecacuanha. 



6. White Ipecacuanha is the root of lonidium Ipecacuanha, Ventena 



