380 



stomach. The glands of the fundus are simple tubules lined with one 

 layer of cells, somewhat similar to the crypts of Lieberkuhn of the 

 smaller intestine. The glands of the cardia or body have short ducts 

 with long, straight tubules. In these tubules are two sets of cells. 

 The central or chief cells -are cubical in shape, and contain coarse 

 granules, which are usually in greater profusion nearer the lumen. 

 Lying in between the central cells, and to their outer side, are a number 

 of large spheroidal cells, known as the " parietal " or " oxyntic " 

 (acid-forming) cells. Each of these cells appears to be connected to 

 the lumen of the gland by a number of small channels which pass 

 between the central cells. 



In the pylorus the glands have long ducts, and the secreting tubules 

 are long and much branched, being often continued into the submucous 



FIG. 195. DIAGRAM SHOWING THE POSITION or THE STOMACH. (Hurst.) 

 F=Fundus; P.C'. = pyloric canal; 17= umbilicus. 



tissue. Here, again, there is only one form of cell lining the gland, 

 corresponding to the central cells, but distinctly less granular in nature. 

 Corresponding to these different sets of glands we have, also, three 

 distinct kinds of secretion or juices. The secretion of the cardia is 

 neutral or faintly alkaline in reaction, poor in salts, rich in mucin, 

 and containing in some animals (the pig) an amylolytic and probably 

 a maltose -splitting enzyme (maltase). The juice of the fundus is 

 characteristic in being acid in reaction. It contains peptic, rennet, 

 and lipolytic enzymes. The secretion of the pylorus is alkaline in 

 reaction, and contains a small quantity of proteolytic enzyme, no 

 lipase, and much mucin. 



Gastric Juice. The term " gastric juice " is now usually applied 

 to the fundal secretion, which, hi fact, must be regarded as the 



