238 



PHYSIOLOGY. 



Clinically, changes in the cardiac impulse are best ascertained 

 by using any of the graphic instruments and then studying the 

 curves obtained. From such study the observer is able to. get. very 

 definite knowledge as to the nature of the cardiac lesion, its 



Fig. 71a. Diagram Showing the Relations of the Cardiogram 

 (AB), the Pulse in the Carotid (CAR), the Jugular Pulse (JUG), and 

 the Radial Pulse (RAD) to each other. 



The perpendicular lines represent the time of the following events: 1, The 

 beginning of auricular systole. 2, The beginning of ventricular systole. 3, The 

 appearance of the pulse in the carotid. 4, The appearance of the pulse in the 

 radial. 5, The closure of the semilunar valves. 6, The opening of the tricuspid 

 valves. (HAY.) 



severity, etc. The various stenoses, insufficiencies, hypertrophies, 

 and dilatations may by this means be diagnosed with considerable 

 accuracy. 



