376 PHYSIOLOGY. 



upon the face again, and the same pressure continued as at first. The 

 entire body must be worked simultaneously, the same number and 

 frequency of these artificial processes of respiration being employed 

 as in the Sylvester method. 



Schaefer describes a new method of artificial respiration. It 

 consists in laying the subject in the prone posture, preferably on the 

 ground, with a thick, folded garment underneath the chest and epi- 

 gastrium. The operator puts himself athwart or at the side of the 

 subject, facing his head, and places his hands on each side over the 

 lower part of the back (lowest ribs). He then slowly throws the 

 weight of his body forward to bear upon his own arms and thus 

 presses upon the thorax of the subject and forces air out of the lungs. 



Fig. 136. Shows the Position to be Adopted for Effecting Artificial 

 Respiration in Cases of Drowning. ( SCHAEFER, HOWELL. ) 



This being effected, he gradually relaxes the pressure by bringing his 

 own body up again to a more erect position, but without moving his 

 hands. Efforts should be continued for a half hour before acknowl- 

 edging failure to restore life. 



Ploman 1 has made many experiments upon men in a study of the 

 various methods of artificial respiration. He used Gad's aeroplethys- 

 mograph to measure the volume of the ingoing and outgoing air. He 

 found that the usual methods of Hall, of Howard, and of Sylvester 

 produced a ventilation of the lungs much greater than is normally 

 accomplished. The Schaefer method gave a ventilation a little 

 greater than that of normal breathing. He believes the Sylvester 

 method to be best for artificial respiration, especially when carried 

 on with the modification of D'Jelitzin. 



Skandinavisches Archiv, 1906. 



