12 



BUSHBERG CATALOGUE. 



and different construction of the bark makes the Rotun- 

 difolia unfit for this purpose. P. J. Berckmans of 

 Augusta, Georgia, who makes the propagation of this 

 species a specialty, enumerates seven varieties. SCUP- 

 PEKNONG, FLOWERS, THOMAS, MISH, TENDER 

 PULP, PEDEE and RICHMOND, (there exists also an 

 Isabella-seedling under the name of Richmond.) 



VITIS CANDICANS, Engelmann. (Y. Mus- 

 tangensis, Buckley.) The Mustang grape of 

 Texas; a tall climber, with rather large, round- 

 ed, almost toothless leaves, white, cottony on 

 the under side, bearing large berries, which, 

 like those of the wild Labrusca, show different 

 colors, greenish, claret aiid bluish-black; and 

 which, in its native country, are made into 

 wine. In young shoots and sprouts the leaves 

 are usually deeply and elegantly many-lobed. 



VITICULTURAL REMARKS. 



This species grows wild in great abundance along the 

 creeks and rivers of Texas, chiefly western and middle 

 Texas. It resembles the Labrusca by its downy leaves 

 and its bark ; it can also be grown from cuttings. We 

 know as yet of but three varieties of the Mustang found 

 in the woods; a black , a red and a white Mustang. 



. VITIS RUPESTRIS, Scheele. A small, bushy 

 plant, often without any tendrils, ra*rely some- 

 what climbing; leaves small (2-3 inches wide), 

 and often folded, mostly broader than long, 

 heart-shaped or truncate at base, scarcely ever 

 slightly lobed, with broad, coarse teeth and 

 usually an abruptly elongated point, glabrous, 

 and of a glaucous or light green color ; berries 

 middle sized, in very small bunches; seeds 

 mostly 3-4, round, with an extremely short 

 beak, obtuse, with a small chalaza; raphe very 

 slender or invisible. 



This very peculiar grape-vine is found only 

 west of the Mississippi, from the Missouri river 

 to Texas and westward probably to New Mex- 

 ico. In our State, where it is called Sand grape, 

 and in Arkansas, it grows on the gravelly banks 

 and overflowed bars of mountain streams; in 

 Texas also on rocky plains, whence the Latin 

 name; it is there sometimes called Sugar grape. 

 Its luscious fruit ripens with us in August. 



It is nowhere yet in cultivation, but may in 

 future prove of value. 



VITIS CALIFORNICA, Bentham. The only wild 

 grape of California, has rounded, downy leaves 

 and small berries, and is not made use of as far 

 as known. The seeds are obtuse, with a short 

 beak, elongated chalaza, and very slender raphe. 



VITIS ARIZONICA, Engelm. Similar to the 

 last, but tomentose only when young, later 

 glabrous, with middle-sized berries, reported 

 to be of a luscious taste. 



HYBRIDS. 



Besides the varieties referred either to the one or the 

 other of these species, we cultivate now many grapes 

 which originated by cross -breeding; either through the 

 agencies of wind or insects, or through the efforts and 

 skill of man. 



The former, or natural hybridization, is no doubt of 

 frequent occurrence, but as neither the act can well be 

 observed, traced or recognized, nor the character of the 

 young seedlings thus produced be ascertained, these 

 are generally passed unnoticed in the vineyard, or de- 

 stroyed. Without discussing the subject any further, 

 we state it as our opinion and belief, that some of the 

 chance seedlings we cultivate are the product of such 

 natural cross-fertilization; tlms we believe we recog- 

 nize in 



the ALVEY, a Hybrid between ^st. and Vinifera* 

 the CREVELING, " " Lair, and Riparia, 



thP r>wT AWATJW tt a f Labr. and Vinifera, or 



ELAWARE, 



the ELVIRA, " " Riparia and Labr. 



and so in a few others (as will be mentioned in their 

 description), possessing certain distinct characteristics 

 of two distinct species. 



The second class, Hybrids produced by artificial 

 cross fertilization, though of but recent date, are now 

 very numerous . When the supposition that seedlings 

 from the foreign species, raised in our own soil and cli- 

 mate would be more hardy, proved fallacious, efforts 

 were made to secure Hybrids between the native grapes 

 and Vitis Vinifera; hoping thite^ to combine the supe- 

 rior excellence of the foreign with the health and vigor 

 of our native plants. 



"It is desirable that in artificial cross-breeding not on- 

 ly the species, but the varieties used should be carefully 

 noted, and also that the parents, the maternal(ihe variety 

 which has been artificially fertilized) , and the paternal 

 ancestor (the plant from which the pollen was employ- 

 ed), should always be named." Dr. Engelmann. 



The Hybrids thus produced are: 



1. Hybrids between Labr. and Vinifera: 

 ADELAIDE. GARTNER. 

 AGAWAM. GOETHE. 

 ALLEN'S HYBRID. HERBERT. 

 AMINIA (R.39). IMPERIAL. 

 BARRY. IRWING. 



BL. DEFIANCE. LTNDLEY. 



BLACK EAGLE. MASSASOIT. 



CHALLENGE. MERHIMAC. 



CLOVER STR. BLACK REQUA. 



CLOVER STR. RED. ROGERS' HYBRIDS.* 



CONCORD CHASSELAS. SALEM. 



CONCORD MUSCAT. SENASQUA. 



CONQUEROR TRIUMPH. 



DIANA HAMBURG. WILDER. 



ESSEX. And many more, less known. 



2. Hybrids between Cordifolia and Vinifera: 

 ADVANCE. NEWARK. 

 AUTUCHON. OTHELLO. 

 BRANDT. QUASSAIC. 

 CANADA . SECRETARY. 

 CORNUCOPIA. 



* Not named. 



