18 



BUSHBEJRG CATALOGUE. 



"After the first four or five leaves are formed, 

 and the sap is flowing, you choose the place on 

 the vine where you intend to graft. At that 

 point wrap tightly a twine several times around 

 the vine. This will, in a measure, prevent the 

 return sap. 



Below the ligature make a 

 sloping cut down, as shown at a; 

 also, a similar reversed one above 

 the ligature, as at 6, about one 

 inch in length. In selecting a 

 scion prefer one that has natu- 

 rally a bend. Cut it so that it 

 shall be wedge-shape at both 

 ends, and a little longer than 

 the distance between the cuts in 

 the vine at a and b. Insert the 

 scion, taking care to have the 

 barks in direct contact, securing 

 it with a string, c, bound round 

 both scion aud vine sufficiently 

 tight to force the scion-ends into 

 their places. If the work is done 

 well, no tie will be required at 

 a and 6, but the joints should be covered with 

 grafting wax. In a short time, the bud at d will 

 commence its growth, after which you can by 

 degrees remove all the growing shoots not be- 

 longing to the scion, and in course of the sum- 

 mer you may cut off the wood above 6, and in 

 the Fall remove all above a on the stock, and 

 above c on the scion. 



This, as well as all other methods of grafting 

 above ground, require "much careful watching, 

 i and a judicious use of graft- 

 / 1 I \ ing wax, as its entering into 

 \\ | y the slit is positively injurious. 

 Quite recently Mr. Henry 

 Bouschet of Montpellier, 

 France, has proposed the fol- 

 lowing system of grafted cut- 

 tings, "boutture greffee," to 

 replant with them their Phyl- 

 loxera destroyed vineyards. 

 It consists in uniting a portion 

 of the American grape-cutting, 

 (making resisting roots,) 

 which is to serve as stock, 

 with a portion of the Euro- 

 pean grape-cutting (of which 

 the fruit is desired) as graft, 

 as shown in annexed figure, 

 and the united cutting, snugly 

 tied together with some slight 

 shreds, is then planted like a 



simple long cutting, thus doing both the plant- 

 ing and grafting at the same time. Of course 

 the- graft can be previously prepared in the 

 room, at the fireside. Mr. Bouschet has shown 

 at the Exposition of the Yiticultural Congress 

 at Montpellier, (Oct. 1874,) samples of such 

 grafts, which had made a successful union and 

 growth, and gigantic experiments are now made 

 with this system in France. 



We propose to experiment more extensively 

 ourselves in the matter of grafting with the 

 view to combat the inroads of. the Phylloxera, 

 and the results of our experiments shall be duly 

 made public. We are confident that many of 

 our choicest table grapes, and perhaps even 

 European grapes, could, if worked in such a 

 way, be successfully grown in many regions 

 where they are now a total failure. 



Of wine grapes, on the other hand, we have 

 now such good and valuable varieties, like Cyn- 

 thiana, Cunningham, Elvira, Herbemont, Her- 

 mann, Louisiana, Neosho, etc., all of which are 

 free from the destructive effects of the Phyl- 

 loxera, not to speak of a number of new and 

 highly promising JEstivalis seedlings, which as 

 a class are good resistants to the insect, that to 

 be successful in growing a gofod wine grape, we, 

 here, need have no recourse to the interesting, 

 yet nevertheless, laborious process of grafting 

 the grape vine. 



But now let us return to the modus operandi 

 of planting. Take your vines, from the place 

 where they were heeled-in,* wrapped in a wet 

 cloth, or in a pail with water, to the holes; 

 when planting, let one person shorten the roots, 

 with a sharp knife, then spread them out evenly 

 to all sides, and let another fill in with well pul- 

 verized earth. The earth should he worked in 

 among the roots with the finger, and lightly 

 pressed to them with the foot. Lay the vine in 

 slanting, and let its top come out at the stake 

 previously set. Then, with your knife, cut 

 back the top to a bud iust above, or even with 

 the surface of the ground. Do not leave more 

 than two buds on any one of the young vines. 



*On receiving your vines from the nursery, they 

 should be taken out of the box, without delay, and 

 heeled-in, which is done as follows: In a dry and well 

 protected situation, a trench is made in the soil 12 to 15 

 inches deep, and wide enough to receive the roots of the 

 plants, and of any required length, the soil beingthrown 

 out upon one side. The plants are then set thickly to- 

 gether in the trench, with the tops in a sloping direction 

 and against the bank of soil thrown out of the trench ; 

 another trench is made parallel to the first, and the soil 

 taken from it is thrown into the first, covering the roots 

 carefully, filling in all of the interstices between them. 

 Press down the soil, and smooth off the surface, so that 

 water shall not lodge thereon. When one trench is fin- 

 ished, set the plants in the next, and proceed as before. 

 When all this is completed, dig a shallow trench arouiu 

 the whole, so as to carry off the water and keep the sit- 

 uation dry. 



