40 



BUSHBERG CATALOGUE. 



CANADA. 



Canada. (Arnold's Hybrid No. 16.) Raised 

 from seed of Clinton, crossed with pollen of 

 Black St. Peters. Resembles the Brant (No. 3) 

 in appearance, but has a larger berry and 

 also ripens later. It is justly praised for 

 its rich aromatic flavor and delightful bou- 

 quet by all who taste it. Bunch and berry 

 above medium; color black, with a fine bloom; 

 skin thin, free from all harshness and the acid- 

 ity common to other native grapes. A moderate 

 grower, with peculiar foliage; hardy, and ma- 

 tures its wood well. Will prove valuable for 

 wine. 



Caiiby's August. See York Maderia. 



Catawba. Syn. RED MUNCY, CATAWBA 

 TOKAY, SINGLETON. (Labr.} This old and well- 

 known variety is a native of North Carolina, 

 and has its name from the Catawba river where 



it was found, and introduced to notice fifty 

 years ago, by Major John Adlum, of George- 

 town, D. C. It has been for many years the 

 standard wine grape of the country, and thou- 

 sands of acres have been planted with it ; but 

 owing to its uncertainty, on account of the rot, 

 mildew and blight, and its too late ripening in 

 the Eastern and Northern States, (in Oct.) it is 

 now in many sections being discarded and other 

 more reliable kinds are planted instead. In lo- 

 calities where it will fully mature, and where it 

 seems less subject to disease, there are very, few 

 better varieties. 



We are now convinced that the Phylloxera is 

 the main cause of its diseases. Wherever ex- 

 amined the rootlets of the Catawba were found 

 either covered with lice, producing those now 

 well-known nodosities, or already dead. Its 

 roots are evidently not capable of resisting 

 Phylloxera, and yet, unlike European varieties, 

 they make new roots, and in favorable seasons 

 resume their former vigor for one summer, un- 

 til they are sapped again at the foundation. 



In Missouri it did better in 1868 and 1874 than 

 since 1857, owing probably to the character of 

 the seasons, and comparative immunity from 

 Phylloxera. Bunch large, moderately compact, 

 shouldered; berries above medium, round, deep 

 red, covered with lilac bloom. Skin moderately 

 thick ; flesh slightly pulpy, sweet, juicy, with a 

 rich, vinous and somewhat musky flavor. Vine 

 a vigorous grower ; in favorable seasons and lo- 

 calities very productive. Clay shale soil, also 

 gravelly or sandy soils seem best adapted. 

 Roots light in comparison to the naturally strong 

 growth of the vine, when in a perfectly healthy 

 state, with a texture below average hardness ; 

 thick liber, and not inclined to push young fi- 

 bers as rapidly as other varieties ; canes straight 

 and long, with few laterals ; wood of average 

 hardness, with a pith a little more than the av- 

 erage size. Must ranged from 86 to 91 by 

 CEchsle's scale; by Twitchell's scale, 2.02 Ibs. 

 sugar per gallon of must', acid 12 to 13; atHam- 

 mondport, at an examination conducted under 

 the auspices of several prominent pomologists, 

 Oct. 12, 1870, only 7.29 per mill. 



The Catawba has quite a number of SEED- 

 LINGS ; of Tona and Diana, its two best, and of 

 Aletha, Anna, Hine, Mottled, &c., we give de- 

 scriptions in their alphabetic order; but some 

 are actually the same as Catawba, and only 

 pretended seedlings, to sell under a new name ; 

 others are so nearly identical as not to require 

 description. To this class belong : 

 Fancher, claimed to be an early Catawba, 



