PEARS. 



respect than the upright, because they are perpetually 

 throwing up vigorous young shoots from the upper side 

 of those branches which are making a curved direction 

 downwards. 



Quenouille Training. 



As trees for this purpose require but one main stem, 

 those obtained by budding are preferable, being always 

 the most upright and handsome, although a grafted 

 plant, with early attention, will fully answer the purpose. 



Quenouille training is a method adopted by the 

 French gardeners, and of which specimens are exhibited 

 in the Horticultural Garden at Chiswick. It consists 

 in training the plant perpendicularly, with a single stem, 

 to the height of about seven feet, and in having branches 

 at regular distances from the bottom to the top ; these 

 are generally about eighteen inches long, and pendent, 

 being brought into this direction by bending the young 

 shoot downwards as it grows, and tying it by a string 

 till it has finished its growth in the autumn. 



If the plant be strong, and in a state of vigour, it will 

 throw out many more side branches than will be re- 

 quired ; these must be thinned out, selecting those 

 which are the strongest and best, and placed so that 

 they may be from nine to twelve inches apart when 

 trained. The luxuriance of these shoots is materially 

 checked by bringing them into this form ; they are, in 

 consequence, always well furnished with fruit-bearing 

 spurs, which produce very fine fruit. 



Quenouille training possesses this advantage, that a 

 plant under such management requires but little room, 

 a square of four feet each way being amply sufficient ; 

 its fruit being within reach may be thinned out to en- 

 large its size, and it can also be secured against high 

 winds, thus acquiring considerable size ; and being near 



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