272 REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1899. 



Localities. Stones possessing in a greater or less degree the proper 

 qualities for lithographic purposes have from time to time been 

 reported in various parts of the United States; from near Bath and 

 Stony Stratford, England; Ireland; Department of Indre, France, 

 and also Silesia, India, and the British American possessions. By 

 far the best stone, and indeed the only stone which has as yet been 

 found to satisfactorily fill all the requirements of the lithographer's 

 art, and which is the one in general use to-day wherever the art is 

 practiced, is found at Solenhofen, near Pappenheim, on the Danube, in 

 Bavaria. (Specimens Nos. 35888 and 35706, U.S.N.M.) These beds 

 are of Upper Jurassic or Kimmeridgian age and form a mass some 

 80 feet in thickness, though naturally not all portions are equally 

 good, or adapted for the same kind of work. The stone varies both in 

 texture and color in different parts of the quarry, but the prevailing 

 tints are yellowish or drab. In the United States materials partak- 

 ing of the nature of lithographic stone have been reported from 

 Yavapai County, Arizona (Specimens Nos. 62798 and 68162, U.S.N.M.); 

 Talladega County, Alabama; Arkansas; Lawrence County, Indiana 

 (Specimen No. 25030, U.S.N.M.); near Thebes and Anna, Illinois 

 (Specimens Nos. 61344 and 62570, U.S.N.M.); James and Van Buren 

 counties, Iowa; Hardin, Estelle, Kenton, Clinton, Rowan, Wayne, and 

 Simpson counties, Kentucky (Specimen No. 36897, U.S.N.M., from 

 Simpson County); near Saverton, Rails County, Missouri (Specimen 

 No. 28498, U.S.N.M.); Clay and Overton counties, Tennessee; Burnet 

 and San Saba counties, Texas (Specimens Nos. 38624 and 70671, 

 U.S.N.M.); near Salt Lake City, Utah, and at Fincastle, Virginia. 

 While, however, from nearly, if not quite every one of these localities, 

 it was possible to get small pieces which served well for trial purposes, 

 each and every one has failed as a constant source of supply of the 

 commercial article, and this for reasons mainly inherent in the stone 

 itself. It is very possible that ignorance as to proper methods of 

 quarrying may have been a cause of failure in some cases. 



The Arizona stone is one of the most recent discoveries, and accord- 

 ing to first reports seems also the most promising. Samples of the 

 stone submitted to the writer, as well as samples of work done upon 

 it, seemed all that could be desired (Specimens Nos. 62798 and 68162, 

 U.S.N.M.). It is stated by Mr. W. F. Blandy that the quarries are 

 situated on the east slope of the Verdi Range, about 2 miles south of 

 Squaw Peak and at an elevation of about 1,200 feet above the Verdi 

 Valley, 40 miles by wagon road east of Prescott. Two quarries have 

 thus far been opened in the same strata, about 1,000 feet apart, the one 

 showing two layers or beds 384 feet in thickness, and the other three 

 beds 3,188 feet in thickness. As at present exposed the beds, which 

 are of Carboniferous age, are broken by nearly vertical fissures into 

 blocks rarely 4 or 5 feet in length. Owing to the massive form of 



