Disltirbanccs of Perspiration. 463 



bonic acid gas in the perspiration) we have but Httle knowledge. 

 According to Ellenberger in horses, which were shaved and then 

 covered with a coat of varnisli, there appeared slowing of respira- 

 tion, acceleration of pulse, a fall of the body temperature of one 

 to one and a half degrees centigrade, symptoms of uneasiness, 

 muscular twitchings, polyuria and increa'sed excretions of urea, 

 these symptoms soon disappearing; the animals took their food 

 without being at all urged and at the end of the experiment 

 showed a greater body weight than at the start. Hogs and dogs, 

 after being varnished, showed no disturbances of health beyond a 

 depression of the body temperature (cited from Schindelka). 

 Sheep, however, after being coated with varnish, apparently suffer 

 considerably (Ellenberger), and rabbits die if no more than one- 

 eighth of their body surface be covered with varnish, apparently 

 because of excessive heat dissipation (Landois, Fourcault, Bec- 

 querel and Brechet) ; in case the whole surface of the body is 

 varnished the temperature at once drops (to 19^ C). 



For consideration of chilling of the skin. cf. p. 45. 



Because of the vast numbers of sensory nerves ending in the 

 skin tiie least denudation of the papillary layer and inflanmiator\- 

 swelling of the cutis, as well as contact with foreign bodies, oc- 

 casion marked sensations of pain. . . 



Pathological increase of ])erspiration, liypcridrosis (i8p6w, to 

 sweat), may be met in a great variety of conditions which give 

 rise to an excited state of the perspiratory centres in the medulla 

 oblongata and cord (excess of carbon dioxide in the blood, de- 

 ficiency of oxygen, sensory and psychic stimulation). Sweating 

 may be general or local, sometimes unilateral, or limited by a trans- 

 verse border strictly to the posterior portion of the body. In 

 these latter examples disturbances in the nervous distribution are 

 usually at the bottom of the trouble ; the abnormality is especially 

 striking in dogs which do not sweat normally. 



Diminished secretion from the glands allied to sweat glands, 

 which are met in the nmzzles of the ruminants, the snout in pigs 

 and nose in dogs, as a result of which these parts, otherwise 

 always moist, come to feel (lr\ , is a marked symptom in all febrile 

 diseases. 



In case of the entrance of urine into the peritoneal caviiy 

 after rupture of the bladder, or in urinaty infiltration of the cellu- 

 lar tissue after rupture of the urethra, the perspiration may take 



