OF VETERINARY MEDICINE. 69 



2. Marked dyspnoea — equally so in in- 



spiration and expiration. 



3. Wheezing both in inspiration and 



expiration. The air goes in and out 

 with difficulty but in heaves the ex- 

 piration only is accompanied by 

 strong breathing. 



4. Symptoms suddenly developed. 



5. Anxious countenance. 



6. Flanks heaving. 



7. Wheezing. 



8. Temperature, 102-5. 



9. Pulse 60, or thereabouts. 



Diagnosis. — How shall we differentiate asthma from acute 

 bronchitis ? The wheeze we never get in acute bronchitis ; it is 

 produced by spasmodic contraction of the non-striated muscles 

 in the bronchioles, and this contraction is caused by the sud- 

 dently increased irritability of the pneumogastric nerve. The 

 pulse and temperature are incidental — not diagnostic, probably 

 due to the dyspnoea. 



Treatment. — Nerve sedative is indicated. The sedatives are: 



1. Gelsemium. 



2. Lobelia. 



3. Chloral Hydrate. 



4. Belladonna. 



Give liberal doses every hour until horse is relieved. Also 

 you can give a hypodermic dose of morphine (4 grj and atro- 

 pine (1-2 grain) and repeat after 3 or 4 hours. 



PULMONARY CONGESTION. 



In its severe form pulmonary congestion is known as pul- 

 monary apoplexy, mechanical engorgement, hemorrhagic infarc- 

 tion (impaction means the same), etc. 



Nature.— \t is a passive congestion of the lungs— the capillar- 

 ies and veins are involved. Suppose the capillaries become 

 plugged and the outlet is dammed and the arterioles become in- 

 volved, as a result we get: 



