7S THEORY AND PRACTICE 



fibrinous. When localized, it becomes encapsulated, indicating 

 that the penumonia is sharply circumscribed. Its definite local- 

 ization is a marked characteristic of the disease. This pneu- 

 monia becomes chronic; it never terminates by resolution. In 

 '87-'88 two-thirds of the Cook County cattle died from con- 

 tagious pleuro-pneumonia. 



Symptomatology. — Conta,gious pneumonia in the horse is 

 usually preceded by a rigor. There is high fever on the first day ; 

 temperature 106; pulse full, round, strong and about 50; fine 

 crackling sounds in the lungs ; breathing about 22. The second 

 day the temperature is still 106; respirations about 26; not so 

 much crackling ; lessened respiratory murmur ; increased tubular 

 sounds ; part is dull under percussion ; expired air is hot ; urine 

 is scanty and high-colored ; feces scanty ; usually complete anor- 

 exia. On the third day the temperature is still the same — 106 ; 

 pulse 66 ; respirations 30 ; mucous membranes yellowish ; nostrils 

 dilated ; considerable impulse to the body by respiration ; thirst 

 increased ; elbows turned out ; pellets of feces coated with slime : 

 by auscultation the lung substance is dull, by percussion less 

 resonance. The fourth day (now in the third stage), tem- 

 perature 106.5; mucous membranes cyanotic; body impulse in- 

 creased; tubular breathing only (can be heard to the very bot- 

 tom). Fifth day — temperature lowered, 104.5; pulse 80; res- 

 pirations 30 ; heaving of the flanks ; increased cyanosis ; extrem- 

 ities cold; rusty discharge from the nose (not always present); 

 sometimes actual hemoptysis ; ears drooped ; haggard counte- 

 nance ; expired air cold; pulse growing imperceptible. The an- 

 imal dies usually on the 5th day. But if he recovers, the crisis 

 is reached on the 7th day. As the lung clears up you will hear 

 a little respiratory murmur here and there. 



Most horses recover quickly from pneumonia, but there will 

 be an occasional one that will linger along for 4-6 months and 

 than die. In such a case the consolidation was excessively hard, 

 so that when it ran into the stage of gray hepatization, instead 

 of resolution, the material broke down and formed abscesses. 

 The products become absorbed and the horse dies from septi- 

 caemia. 



