OF VETERINARY MEDICINE. 99 



the calculus is formed. These calculi are heavier than those 

 of any other part of the body. Their increased density is due 

 to phosphate of lime. Also they are slow-forming calculi. They 

 often obstruct the duct to a considerable degree and the part of 

 it nearest the gland becomes distended. 



Treatment. — Remove the calculus by the aid of the knife, 

 always operating through the mouth, never through the skin. 

 Probably no after-treatment will be required. Sponge the 

 wound three or four times a day with a solution of borax and 

 impress upon the owner that it is a serious case; it is, however, 

 a simple one ! 



DISEASES OF THE THROAT. 



PHARYNGITIS. 



Pharyngitis is an acute inflammation of the pharynx. It is 

 a catarrhal inflammation. Many cases of sore throat are cases 

 of pharyngitis. Usually a combination of laryngitis exists with 

 the pharyngeal inflammation, but either may exist alone. 



Etiology. — Pharyngitis may come on with sudden exposure to 

 cold and dampness. It may be caused by foreign bodies, acrid 

 substances in the food or medicine, etc. Sometimes the inflam- 

 mation is so severe as to produce a post-pharyngeal abscess. 



Semeiology. — The symptoms run as follows : 



1. Difiicult swallowing. 



2. Possibly a little fever. 



3. Respirations normal. 



The symptoms in pharyngitis are much the same as those of 

 laryngopharyngitis. 



Treatment. — In this condition counter-irritation is indicated. 

 Give anodine or a stringent medicine with a syringe. Either 

 give an electuary on wooden spatula or the iron gargle with a 

 syringe. Never drench a horse in case of pharyngitis. The iron 

 gargle is good. It consists of tincture of iron one ounce and 

 chlorate of potash I/2 ounce to the pint of water. The dose is 

 2 ounces. 



