208 THEORY AND PRACTICE 



obliterated at the point of injury. More or less pus is discharged. 



The idiopathic form is seen in the human, but seldom or never 

 in the horse. In the human it is associated with milk leg at 

 times. 



Symptoms. — Local heat and swelling. If the vein is obliter- 

 ated, it is like a cord. 



Treatment. — Ordinary antiseptic treatment. If there is a 

 suppurating wound present, it must be curetted and treated freely 

 with antiseptics. 



. VARIX. 



Varix is a dilated vein, sometimes called varicose veins. It 

 is due to obstruction or weakness of the venous walls. Vari- 

 cosity of the jugular is sometimes met \vith, especially where the 

 two jugulars meet. A varix of the jugular is sometimes seen in 

 the cite of a goitre. It may be mistaken for a goitre, but it is 

 softer and is quite compressible. A varix of the saphena major 

 is often seen in connection with a bog or bone spavin. 



Treatment. — Pressure is about the only treatment. In the 

 human, elastic stockings and bands are used on the legs. In the 

 case of bone spavin you will find the saphena major enlarged. 

 In firing, be careful not to press the iron too heavily when over 

 the part. In case of bog spavin it is sometimes ligated. 



DISEASES OF THE URINARY SYSTEM. 



The chief function of the kidneys is the removal of the sur- 

 plus nitrogen of the body in the form of urea, and the surplus 

 water. Most of the poisons of the body also those of disease are 

 thrown off through the kidneys. The kidneys, therefore, are the 

 sanitary scavengers and purifiers of the system, and when their 

 functions are impaired or arrested, the retained poisons quickly 

 show their presence in the resulting disorder of the skin, nervous 

 system, and in fact all the other organs. On the other hand, 

 scarcely an important organ of the body can suffer derangement 

 without a corresponding disorder of the urinary system. 



