218 THEORY AND PRACTICE 



streaked with blood, especially if the condition is caused by cal- 

 culi, or gravel. The bowels are apt to be congested and the 

 stools coated with slime. If the cause of irritation is in the 

 alimentary tract, then its mucous membrane will be congested 

 and catarrhal. The disease may run a rapid course and termi- 

 nate fatally in three or four days But in a mild case it may 

 run three or four weeks. 



Treatment. — General anodyne course should be followed. If 

 the inflammation is caused by a calculus, remove it if possible. 

 The anodyne course is to give him linseed tea with rain w^ater. 

 To keep up the strength of the horse, give him raw eggs and 

 milk and if he will eat it, grass. If the cause of the irritation 

 can be removed, then put the animal on stimulants such as 

 strychnine, nitro-glycerine, etc. Flush the bladder with a sat- 

 urated solution of boracic acid two or three times a day. The 

 catheter should be sterilized and the solution should be run in 

 from a fountain syringe. Cramps may occur, but when they 

 cease, go on with the treatment. Keep the bowels open with 

 a laxative and give rather liberally saw palmetto or san metto. 



DYSURIA. 



Dysuria is the painful passage of urine. This may be caused 

 by the partial obstruction or irritation of the mucous lining of 

 the urethra. The most aggravated cases of this is seen from 

 gravel in the form of cystic calculi or smaller grains floating 

 down the urethra. In males the next most common cause is en- 

 largement of the prostrate glands. It generally comes in old 

 age, and is attributed to too much stud work. Occasionally, but 

 rarely, it is seen in geldings. Dysuria is sometimes caused by a 

 sabulous concretion in the fossa navicularis, called by horsemen 

 the *'bean." It is sometimes so great as to press upon the 

 urethra. Other causes of dysuria are thickening of the neck of 

 the bladder from cystitis of the bulbous portion of the urethra^ 

 cancer of the penis, tumor of the glands penis, foulness of the 

 sheath from the accumulation of sebaceous material, producing 

 swelling and pressure. Another cause is the horse urinating in 

 his sheath either from habit or malformation. In the female^ 



