OF VETERINARY MEDICINE. 255 



ECTROPIUM. 



In this condition the eyeHds are too short; they turn the 

 lashes out and expose the conjunctiva. This is not so painful as 

 in entropium, but it is unsightly. 



In mild cases we may use astringents such as sulphate of zinc 

 (2 grains to the ounce), or a saturate solution of borax, or cold 

 tea. Apply the solution two or three times a day. If this fails 

 we sometimes sew the lids together the same as in dislocation of 

 the eye. We may be required to cut out an eliptical portion, 

 but this is rare. If the zinc lotion proves too weak, then in- 

 crease its strength to 5 grains to the ounce. 



LEUCOMA. 



Leucoma is an opaque cornea. The cornea is cloudy. This 

 condition may be produced by blows, which however, are not se- 

 vere enough to break the cornea, but which often produce a per- 

 manent cloudiness. The more dense and organized the exudate, 

 the more permanent will be the opacity; and the whiter it is, the 

 more likely is it to be incurable. While it is blue (pale blue) 

 there is hope of recovery; but as it becomes white, the chance 

 diminishes. Sometimes there is a white patch on the cornea at 

 the point of injury. This will remain permanent, but if the 

 contusion is mild, the exudate will become absorbed. For local 

 treatment apply warm fomentations to the eye and give ano- 

 dynes. Later use local applications of saline or borated water. 

 Give stimulants. In three or four days change to distilled or 

 fluid extract of witch hazel — the distilled can be used clear, while 

 the extract should be diluted 75 per cent. Follow this with sul- 

 phate of zinc or silver nitrate — 5 grains to the ounce. In old 

 cases use stronger solutions — say 10 grains to the ounce. Always 

 use distilled water when treating the eye. 



ULCERATION OF THE CORNEA. 



This is liable to occur in connection with any wound, but it 

 is often found in distemper in dogs. The eyelids become glued 



